lwj, ;wuql
lwj, ;wuql eDdk esa ukft+y gqvk vkSj bldh ,d lkS ukS ¼109½ vk;rsa gS
eS ml [+k+qnk ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku jge okyk gS
vfyQ+ yke jk ¼1½
;s vk;rsa ml fdrkc dh gSa tks vt+ljrkik ¼lj ls iSj rd½ fgder ls eywm ¼Hkjh½ gS ¼2½
D;k yksxksa dks bl ckr ls cM+k rkTtqc gqvk fd geus mUgha yksxksa esa ls ,d vkneh ds ikl ogh Hksth fd ¼cs bZeku½ yksxksa dks Mjkvks vkSj bZekunkjks dks bldh [+kq’k [k+cjh lquk nks fd muds fy, muds ijojfnxkj dh ckjxkg esa cqyUn ntsZ gS ¼exj½ dq¶Qkj ¼mu vk;rksa dks lqudj½ dgus yxs fd ;s ¼’k[+l rks ;d+huu ljhgh tknwxj½ gS ¼3½
blesa rks Ód gh ugha fd rqEkjk ijojfnxkj ogh [k+qnk gS ftlus lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dks 6 fnu esa iSnk fd;k fQj mlus v’kZ dks cqyUn fd;k ogh gj dke dk bUrt+ke djrk gS ¼mlds lkeus½ dksbZ ¼fdlh dk½ flQkfj’kh ugha ¼gks ldrk½ exj mldh btkt+r ds ckn ogh [k+qnk rks rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj gS rks mlh dh bcknr djks rks D;k rqe vc Hkh x+kSj ugh djrs ¼4½
rqe lcdks ¼vkf[k+j½ mlh dh rjQ ykSVuk gS [k+qnk dk ok;nk lPpk gS ogh ;d+huu e[k+ywd dks igyh ejrck iSnk djrk gS fQj ¼ejus ds ckn½ ogh nqckjk ftUnk djsxk rkfd ftu yksxksa us beku dqcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, mudks bUlkQ ds lkFk tt+k, ¼[k+Sj½ vrk Qjek,xk vkSj ftu yksxksa us dqÝ ,[+fr;kj fd;k mu ds fy, muds dqÝ dh lt+k esa ihus dks [kkSyrk gqvk ikuh vkSj nnZukd vt+kc gksxk ¼5½
ogh og ¼[+k+qnk, d+kfnj½ gS ftlus vkQ+rkc dks pednkj vkSj egrkc dks jkS’ku cuk;k vkSj mldh eaft+ysa eqd+jZj dh rkfd rqe yksx cjlksa dh fxurh vkSj fglkc ekywe djks [+k+qnk us mls fgder o elygr ls cuk;k gS og ¼viuh½ vk;rksa dk okfd+Q+dkj yksxksa ds fy, rQ+lhynkj c;ku djrk gS ¼6½
blesa t+jk Hkh Ód ugha fd jkr fnu ds myV Qsj esa vkSj tks dqN [+k+qnk us vklekuksa vkSj t+ehu esa cuk;k gS ¼mlesa½ ijgst+xkjksa ds okLrs cgqrsjh fu’kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼7½
blesa Hkh Ód ugha fd ftu yksxksa dks ¼d+;ker esa½ gekjh ¼ckjxkg dh½ gqt+wjh dk fBdkuk ugha vkSj nqfu;k dh ¼pUn jkst+½ ft+Unxh ls fugky gks x, vkSj mlh ij pSu ls cSBs gSa vkSj tks yksx gekjh vk;rksa ls x+kfQy gSa ¼8½
;gh og yksx gSa ftudk fBdkuk mudh djrwr dh cnkSyr tgUuqe gS ¼9½
cs’kd ftu yksxksa us beku dqcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, mUgasa mudk ijojfnxkj muds beku ds lcc ls eaft+y ed+lwn rd igq¡pk nsxk fd vkjke o vklkb’k ds ckx+ksa esa ¼jgsxsa½ vkSj mu ds uhps ugjsa tkjh gksxh mu ckx+ksa esa mu yksxksa dk cl ;s dkSy gksxk ,s [k+qnk rw ikd o ikdht+k gS vkSj muesa mudh ckgeh ¼vkilh½ [kS+jlykgh ¼eqykd+kr½ lyke ls gksxh vkSj mudk vkf[k+jh d+kSy ;s gksxk fd lc rkjhQ [k+qnk gh dks lt+kokj gS tks lkjs tgk¡u dk ikyus okyk gS ¼10½
vkSj ftl rjg yksx viuh HkykbZ ds fy, tYnh dj cSBs gSa mlh rjg vxj [k+qnk mudh Ójkjrksa dh lt+k esa cqjkbZ esa tYnh dj cSBrk gS rks mudh ekSr muds ikl dc dh vk pqdh gksrh exj ge rks mu yksxksa dks ftUgsa ¼ejus ds ckn½ gekjh gqt+wjh dk [kVdk ugha NksM+ nsrs gSa fd og viuh ljd’kkh esa vki ljfx+jnk jgsa ¼11½
vkSj bUlku dks tc dksbZ uqdlku Nw Hkh x;k rks vius igyw ij ¼ysVk gks½ ;k cSBk gks ;k [k+M+k ¼xjt+ gj gkyr esas½ ge dks iqdkjrk gS fQj tc ge mlls mldh rdyhQ dks nwj dj nsrs gS rks ,sLkk f[kld TkkRkk gS tSls mlus rdyhQ ds ¼nQk djus ds½ fy, tks mldks igq¡prh Fkh gedks iqdkjk gh u Fkk tks yksx T+;knrh djrs gSa mudh dkjLrkfu;k¡ ;w¡ gh mUgsa vPNh dj fn[kkbZ xbZ gSa ¼12½
vkSj rqels igyh mEer okyksa dks tc mUgksaus Ójkjr dh rks ge us mUgsa t+#j gykd dj Mkyk gkykWfd muds ¼oD+r ds½ jlwy okts, o jkS’ku eksft+t+kr ysdj vk pqds Fks vkSj og yksx bZeku ¼u ykuk Fkk½ u yk, ge xqusgxkj yksxksa dh ;w¡ gh lt+k fd;k djrs gSa ¼13½
fQj geus muds ckn rqedks t+ehu esa ¼mudk½ tku’khu cuk;k rkfd ge ¼Hkh½ ns[ksa fd rqe fdl rjg dke djrs gks ¼14½
vkSj tc mu yksxksa ds lkeus gekjh jkS’ku vk;rs i<+ha tkrh gSa rks ftu yksxksa dks ¼ejus ds ckn½ gekjh gqtwjh dk [kVdk ugha gS og dgrs gS fd gekjs lkeus blds vykok dksbZ nwljk ¼dqjku ykvks ;k mldk jíks cny dj Mkyks ¼,s jlwy rqe dg nks fd eq>s ;s ,[+rs;kj ugha fd eS mls vius th ls cny Mkyw¡ eS rks cl mlh dk ikcUn gw¡ tks esjh rjQ ogh dh xbZ gS eS rks vxj vius ijojfnxkj dh ukQjekuh d# rks cM+s ¼dfBu½ fnu ds vt+kc ls Mjrk gw¡ ¼15½
¼,s jlwy½ dg nks fd [k+qnk pkgrk rks eS u rqEgkjs lkeus bldks i<+rk vkSj u og rqEgsas blls vkxkg djrk D;ksafd eS rks ¼vkf[k+j½ rqeus blls igys eqírksa jg pqdk gw¡ ¼vkSj dHkh ^ogh* dk uke Hkh u fy;k½ ¼16½
rks D;k rqe ¼bruk Hkh½ ugha le>rs rks tks Ó[+l [k+qnk ij >wB cksgrku ckW/ks ;k mldh vk;rks dks >qByk, mlls c<+ dj vkSj t+kfye dkSu gksxk blesa Ód ugha fd ¼,sls½ xqukgxkj dke;kc ugha gqvk djrs ¼17½
;k yksx [k+qnk dks NksM+ dj ,slh pht+ dh ijlfr’k djrs gS tks u mudks uqdlku gh igq¡pk ldrh gS u uQk vkSj dgrs gSa fd [k+qnk ds ;gk¡ ;gh yksx gekjs flQkfj’kh gksxs ¼,s jlwy½ rqe ¼buls½ dgks rks D;k rqe [+k+qnk dks ,slh pht+ dh [k+cj nsrs gks ftldks og u rks vklekuksa esa ¼dgha½ ikrk gS vkSj u t+ehu esa ;s yksx ftl pht+ dks mldk Ójhd cukrs gS ¼18½
mlls og ikd lkQ vkSj cjrj gS vkSj lc yksx rks ¼igys½ ,d gh mEer Fks vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ vxj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls ,d ckr ¼d+;ker dk ok;nk½ igys u gks pqdh gksrh ftlesa ;s yksx ,[+frykQ dj jgs gSa mldk QSlyk muds njfE;ku ¼dc u dc½ dj fn;k x;k gksrk ¼19½
vkSj dgrs gSa fd ml iSx+Ecj ij dksbZ eksftt+k ¼gekjh [+okfg’k ds eqokfQd+½ D;ksa ugha ukft+y fd;k x;k rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd x+Sc ¼nkuh½ rks flQZ [k+qnk ds okLrs [k+kl gS rks rqe Hkh bUrt+kj djks vkSj rqEgkjs lkFk eS ¼Hkh½ ;d+huu bUrt+kj djus okyksa esa gw¡ ¼20½
vkSj yksxksa dks tks rdyhQ igq¡ph mlds ckn tc geus viuh jger dk tk,d+k p[kk fn;k rks ;dk;d mu yksxksa ls gekjh vk;rksa esa ghys ckt+h Óq: dj nh ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd rn~chj esa [k+qnk lc ls T+;knk rst+ gS rqe tks dqN eDdkjh djrs gks og gekjs Hksts gq, ¼Qfj’rs½ fy[krs tkrs gSa ¼21½
og ogh [+k+qnk gS tks rqEgsa [+kq’dh vkSj nfj;k esa lSj djkrk fQjrk gS ;gk¡ rd fd tc ¼dHkh½ rqe df’r;ksa ij lokj gksrs gks vkSj og mu yksxksa dks ckn eqokfQd+ ¼gok ds /kkjs½ dh enn ls ysdj pyh vkSj yksx ml ¼dh j¶rkj½ ls [+kq’k gq, ¼;dk;d½ d’rh ij gok dk ,d >ksadk vk iM+k vkSj ¼vkuk Fkk fd½ gj rjQ ls ml ij ygjsa ¼c<+h pyh½ vk jgh gSa vkSj mu yksxksa us le> fy;k fd vc f?kj x, ¼vkSj tku u cpsxh½ rc vius vd+hns dks mlds okLrs fujk [kjk djds [kqnk ls nqvk,¡ ekx¡us yxrs gSa fd ¼[k+qnk;k½ vxj rwus bl ¼eqlhcr½ ls gesa utkr nh rks ge t+#j cM+s ÓqØ xqt+kj gksaxsa ¼22½
fQj tc [k+qnk us mUgsa utkr nh rks og yksx t+ehu ij ¼dne j[krs gh½ QkSju ukgd+ ljd’kh djus yxrs gSa ¼,s yksxksa rqEgkjh ljd’kh dk ocky½ rks rqEgkjh gh tku ij gS & ¼;s Hkh½ nqfu;k dh ¼pUn jkst+k½ ft+Unxh dk Qk;nk gS fQj vkf[k+j gekjh ¼gh½ rjQ rqedks ykSVdj vkuk gS rks ¼ml oD+r½ ge rqedks tks dqN ¼nqfu;k esa½ djrs Fks crk nsxs ¼23½
nqfu;koh ft+nxh dh ely rks cl ikuh dh lh gS fd geus mldks vkleku ls cjlk;k fQj t+ehu ds lkx ikr ftldks yksx vkSj pkSik, [kk tkrs gSa ¼mlds lkFk fey tqydj fudys ;gk¡ rd fd tc t+ehu us ¼Qly dh pht+ksa ls½ viuk cukvks flaxkj dj fy;k vkSj ¼gj rjg½ vkjkLrk gks xbZ vkSj [ksr okyksa us le> fy;k fd vc og ml ij ;d+huu d+kcw ik x, ¼tc pkgsaxs dkV ysxs½ ;dk;d gekjk gqDe o vt+kc jkr ;k fnu dks vk igq¡pk rks geus ml [ksr dks ,slk lkQ dVk gqvk cuk fn;k fd xks;k dqy mlesa dqN Fkk gh ugha tks yksx x+kSj o fQØ djrs gSa muds okLrs ge vk;rksa dks ;w¡ rQlhynkj c;ku djrs gS ¼24½
vkSj [k+qnk rks vkjke ds ?kj ¼csg’r½ dh rjQ cqykrk gS vkSj ftldks pkgrk gS lh/ks jkLrs dh fgnk;r djrk gS ¼25½
ftu yksxksa us nqfu;k esa HkykbZ dh muds fy, ¼vkf[k+jr esa Hkh½ HkykbZ gS ¼cfYd½ vkSj dqN c<+dj vkSj u ¼xqusgxkjksa dh rjg½ muds psgjksa ij dkfyd yxh gq;h gksxh vkSj u ¼mUgsa ft+Yyr gksxh ;gh yksx tUurh gSa fd mlesa ges’kk jgk lgk djsaxs ¼26½
vkSj ftu yksxksa us cqjs dke fd, gSa rks xqukg dh lt+k mlds cjkcj gS vkSj mu ij #lokbZ NkbZ gksxh [k+qnk ¼ds vt+kc½ ls mudk dksbZ cpkus okyk u gksxk ¼muds eqWg ,sls dkys gksaxs½ xks;k muds psgjs Ócksa ;t+wj ¼va/ksjh jkr½ ds VqdM+s ls <d fn, x, gSa ;gh yksx tgUuqeh gSa fd ;s mlesa ges’kk jgsaxs ¼27½
¼,s jlwy ml fnu ls Mjkvks½ ftl fnu lc dks bdV~Bk djsxsa&fQj eq’kjsdhu ls dgssaxsa fd rqe vkSj rqEgkjs ¼cuk, gq, [k+qnk ds½ Ójhd t+jk viuh txg Bgjks fQj ge okge muesa QwV Mky nsxsa vkSj muds Ójhd muls dgsaxs fd rqe rks gekjh ijlfr’k djrs u Fks ¼28½
rks ¼vc½ gekjs vkSj rqEgkjs njfe;ku xokgh ds okLrs [k+qnk gh dkQh gS ge dks rqEgkjh ijlfr’k dh [k+cj gh u Fkh ¼29½
¼x+jt+½ ogk¡ gj Ó[+l tks dqN ftlus igys ¼nqfu;k esa½ fd;k gS tk¡p ysxk vkSj og lc ds lc vius lPps ekfyd [k+qnk dh ckjxkg esa ykSVdj yk, tk,¡xsa vkSj ¼nqfu;k esa½ tks dqN bQ+rsjk ijnkft+;k ¼>wBh ckrsa½ djrs Fks lc muds ikl ls py pair gks tk,xsa ¼30½
,s jlwy rqe mus t+jk iwNks rks fd rqEgsa vkleku o t+ehu ls dkSu jkst+h nsrk gS ;k ¼rqEgkjs½ dku vkSj ¼rqEgkjh½ vk¡[kksa dk dkSu ekfyd gS vkSj dkSu Ó[+l eqnsZ ls ft+Unk dks fudkyrk gS vkSj ft+Unk ls eqnsZ dks fudkyrk gS vkSj gj vez ¼dke½ dk cUnkscLr dkSu djrk gS rks QkSju cksy mBsaxs fd [k+qnk ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dgks rks D;k rqe bl ij Hkh ¼mlls½ ugha Mjrs gks ¼31½
fQj ogh [k+qnk rks rqEgkjk lPpk jc gS fQj gd+ ckr ds ckn xqejkgh ds flok vkSj D;k gS fQj rqe dgk¡ fQjs pys tk jgs gks ¼32½

;s rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh ckr cnpyu yksxksa ij lkfcr gksdj jgh fd ;s yksx gjfxt+ beku u yk,¡xsa ¼33½
¼,s jlwy½ muls iwNks rks fd rqe us ftu yksxksa dks ¼[k+qnk dk½ Ójhd cuk;k gS dksbZ Hkh ,slk gS tks e[k+ywdkr dks igyh ckj iSnk djs fQj mu dks ¼ejus ds ckn½ nksckjk ft+Unk djs ¼rks D;k tokc nsxsa½ rqEgh dgks fd [k+qnk gh igys Hkh iSnk djrk gS fQj ogh nksckjk ft+Unk djrk gS rks fd/kj rqe mYVs tk jgs gks ¼34½
¼,s jlwy muls½ dgks rks fd rqEgkjs ¼cuk, gq,½ Ójhdksa esa ls dksbZ ,slk Hkh gS tks rqEgsa ¼nhu½ gd+ dh jkg fn[kk lds rqe gh dg nks fd ¼[k+qnk½ nhu dh jkg fn[kkrk gS rks tks rqEgs nhus gd+ dh jkg fn[kkrk gS D;k og T+;knk gd+nkj gS fd mlds gqDe dh iSjoh dh tk, ;k og Ó[+l tks ¼nwljs½ dh fgnk;r rks nj fdukj [kqn gh tc rd nwljk mldks jkg u fn[kk, jkg ugh ns[k ikrk rks rqe yksxksa dks D;k gks x;k gS ¼35½
rqe dSls gqDe yxkrs gks vkSj muesa ds vDlj rks cl vius xqeku ij pyrs gSa ¼gkykWfd½ xqeku ;d+hu ds eqd+kcys esa gjfxt+ dqN Hkh dke ugha vk ldrk cs’kd og yksx tks dqN ¼Hkh½ dj jgs gSa [kqnk mls [kwc tkurk gS ¼36½
vkSj ;s dqjku ,slk ugha fd [kqnk ds flok dksbZ vkSj viuh rjQ ls >wB ewB cuk Mkys cfYd ¼;s rks½ tks ¼fdrkcsa½ igys dh mlds lkeus ekStwn gSa mldh rlnhd+ vkSj ¼mu½ fdrkcksa dh rQ+lhy gS mlesa dqN Hkh Ód ugha fd ;s lkjs tgk¡u ds ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls gS ¼37½
D;k ;s yksx dgrs gSa fd bldks jlwy us [kqn >wB ewB cuk fy;k gS ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dgks fd ¼vPNk½ rks rqe vxj ¼vius nkos esa½ lPps gks rks ¼Hkyk½ ,d gh lwjk mlds cjkcj dk cuk ykvks vkSj [k+qnk ds flok ftldks rqEgsa ¼enn ds okLrs½ cqykrs cu iM+s cqyk yks ¼38½
¼;s yksx ykrs rks D;k½ cfYd ¼myVs½ ftlds tkuus ij mudk gkFk u igq¡pk gks yxs mldks >qBykus gkykWfd vHkh rd muds ts+gu esa mlds ek;us ugha vk, blh rjg mu yksxksa us Hkh >qByk;k Fkk tks muls igys Fks&rc t+jk x+kSj rks djks fd ¼mu½ t+kfyeksa dk D;k ¼cqjk½ vUtke gqvk ¼39½
vkSj muesaa ls ckt+ rks ,sls gS fd bl dq+jku ij vkbUnk bZeku yk,Wxsa vkSj ckt+ ,sls gSa tks bZeku yk,Wxsa gh ugha ¼40½
vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj Qlkfn;ksa dks [kwc tkurk gS vkSj vxj og rqEgs >qByk,W rks rqe dg nks fd gekjs fy, gekjh dkj xqtkjh gS vkSj rqEgkjs fy, rqEgkjh dkjLrkuh tks dqN eS djrk gw¡ mlds rqe ft+Eesnkj ugha vkSj tks dqN rqe djrs gks mlls eS cjh gw¡ ¼41½
vkSj muesa ls ckt+ ,sls gSa fd rqEgkjh t+ckuksa dh rjQ dku yxk, jgrs gSa rks ¼D;k½ og rqEgkjh lqu ysxsa gjfxt+ ugha vxjps og dqN le> Hkh u ldrs gks ¼42½
rqe dgh cgjksa dks dqN lquk ldrs gks vkSj ckt+ muesa ls ,sls gSa tks rqEgkjh rjQ ¼VdVdh ck¡/ks½ ns[krs gSa rks ¼D;k og beku yk,¡xsa gjfxt+ ugha½ vxjps mUgsa dqN u lw>rk gks rks rqe vU/ks dks jkgs jkLr fn[kk nksxs ¼43½
[k+qnk rks gjfxt+ yksxksa ij dqN Hkh t+qYe ugha djrk exj yksx [kqn vius Åij ¼viuh djrwr ls½ tqYe fd;k djrs gS ¼44½
vkSj ftl fnu [+k+qnk bu yksxksa dks ¼viuh ckjxkg esa½ tek djsxk rks xks;k ;s yksx ¼le>sxsa fd nqfu;k esa½ cl ?kM+h fnu Hkj Bgjs vkSj vkil esa ,d nwljs dks igpkusaxs ftu yksxksa us [k+qnk dh ckjxkg esa gkft+j gksus dks >qByk;k og t+#j ?kkVs esa gSa vkSj fgnk;r ;kQrk u Fks ¼45½
,s jlwy ge ftl ftl ¼vt+kc½ dk muls ok;nk dj pqds gSa muesa ls ckt+ [+okgk rqEgsa fn[kk nsa ;k rqedks ¼igys gh nqfu;k ls½ mBk ys fQj ¼vkf[k+j½ rks mu lcdks gekjh rjQ ykSVuk gh gS fQj tks dqN ;s yksx dj jgs gSa [k+qnk rks ml ij xokg gh gS ¼46½
vkSj gj mEer dk [k+kl ¼,d½ ,d jlwy gqvk gS fQj tc mudk jlwy ¼gekjh ckjxkg esa½ vk,xk rks muds njfE;ku bUlkQ+ ds lkFk QSlyk dj fn;k tk,xk vkSj mu ij t+jkZ cjkcj t++qYe u fd;k tk,xk ¼47½
;s yksx dgk djrs gSa fd vxj rqe lPps gks rks ¼vkf[k+j½ ;s ¼vt+kc dk ok;nk½ dc iwjk gksxk ¼48½
¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eS [kqn vius okLrs uqdlku ij d+kfnj gw¡ u uQk ij exj tks [k+qnk pkgs gj mEer ¼ds jgus½ dk ¼mlds bYe esa½ ,d oD+r eqd+jZj gS&tc mu dk oD+r vk tkrk gS rks u ,d ?kM+h ihNs gV ldrh gSa vkSj u vkxs c<+ ldrs gSa ¼49½
¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd D;k rqe le>rs gks fd vxj mldk vt+kc rqe ij jkr dks ;k fnu dks vk tk, rks ¼rqe D;k djksxs½ fQj xqukgxkj yksx vkf[k+j dkgs dh tYnh epk jgs gSa ¼50½
fQj D;k tc ¼rqe ij½ vk pqdsxk rc ml ij beku ykvksxs ¼vkgk½ D;k vc ¼beku yk,½ gkykWfd rqe rks bldh tYnh epk;k djrs Fks ¼51½
fQj ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ t+kfye yksxksa ls dgk tk,xk fd ¼vc ges’kk ds vt+kc ds ets+ p[kks ¼nqfu;k esa½ tSlh rqEgkjh djrwrsa rqEgsa ¼vkf[k+jr esa½ oSlk gh cnyk fn;k tk,xk ¼52½
¼,s jlwy½ rqe ls yksx iwNrsa gSa fd D;k ¼tks dqN rqe dgrs gks½ og lc Bhd gS rqe dg nks ¼gk¡½ vius ijojfnxkj dh dle Bhd gS vkSj rqe ¼[k+qnk dks½ gjk ugha ldrs ¼53½
vkSj ¼nqfu;k esa½ ftl ftlus ¼gekjh ukQjekuh dj ds½ t+qYe fd;k gS ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ vxj reke [k+t+kus tks tehu esa gSa mls fey tk,¡ rks vius xqukg ds cnys t+#j fQn;k ns fudys vkSj tc og yksx vt+kc dks ns[ksxsa rks bt+gkjs funker djsxsa ¼’kfeZank gksaxsa½ vkSj muesa ckge bUlkQ+ ds lkFk gqDe fn;k tk,xk vkSj mu ij t+jkZ ¼cjkcj t+qYe u fd;k tk,xk ¼54½
vkxkg jgks fd tks dqN vklekuksa esa vkSj t+ehu esa gS ¼x+jt+ lc dqN½ [k+qnk gh dk gS vkx+kg jkgs fd [k+qnk dk ok;nk ;d+huh Bhd gS exj muesa ds vDlj ugha tkurs gSa ¼55½
ogh ft+Unk djrk gS vkSj ogh ekjrk gS vkSj rqe lc ds lc mlh dh rjQ ykSVk, tkvksxsa ¼56½
yksxksa rqEgkjs ikl rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls ulhgr ¼fdrkcs [+k+qnk vk pqdh vkSj tks ¼ejt+ f’kdZ oxS+jg½ fny esas gSa mudh nok vkSj bZeku okyksa ds fy, fgnk;r vkSj jger ¼57½
¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ¼;s d++qjku½ [+k+qnk ds Qt+y o dje vkSj mldh jger ls rqedks feyk gS ¼gh½ rks mu yksxksa dks bl ij [kq’k gksuk pkfg, ¼58½
vkSj tks dqN og tek dj jgs gSa mlls dgha csgrj gS ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd rqEgkjk D;k [+;ky gS fd [k+qnk us rqe ij jkst+h ukft+y dh rks vc mlesa ls ckt+ dks gjke ckt+ dks gyky cukus yxs ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd D;k [k+qnk us rqEgsa btkt+r nh gS ;k rqe [k+qnk ij cksgrku ck¡/krs gks ¼59½
vkSj tks yksx [k+qnk ij >wB ewB cksgrku ckW/kk djrs gSa jksts+ d+;ker dk D;k [+;ky djrs gSa mlesa Ód ugha fd [+k+qnk rks yksxksa ij cM+k Qt+y o ¼dje½ gS exj muesa ls cgqrsjs ÓqØ xqt+kj ugha gSa ¼60½
¼vkSj ,s jlwy½ rqe ¼pkgs½ fdlh gky esa gks vkSj d++qqjku dh dksbZ lh Hkh vk;r frykor djrs gks vkSj ¼yksxksa½ rqe dksbZ lk Hkh vey dj jgs gks ge ¼ge lj od+r½ tc rqe ml dke esa e’kx+wy gksrs gks rqe dks ns[krs jgrs gSa vkSj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj ls t+jkZ Hkh dksbZ pht+ x+k;c ugha jg ldrh u t+ehu esa vkSj u vkleku esa vkSj u dksbZ pht+ t+jsZ ls NksVh gS vkSj u mlls c<+h pht+ exj og jkS’ku fdrkc ykSgs egQwt+ esa t+#j gS ¼61½
vkxkg jgks blesa Ód ugha fd nksLrkus [k+qnk ij ¼d+;ker esa½ u rks dksbZ [k+kSQ gksxk vkSj u og vktq+nZk ¼x+ex+hu½ [k+kfrj gksxs ¼62½
;s og yksx gSa tks bZeku yk, vkSj ¼[+k+qnk ls½ Mjrs Fks ¼63½
mUgha yksxksa ds okLrs nhu dh ft+Unxh esa Hkh vkSj vkf[k+jr esa ¼Hkh½ [+kq’k[k+cjh gS [+k+qnk dh ckrksa esa vny cny ugha gqvk djrk ;gh rks cM+h dke;kch gS ¼64½
vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ mu ¼dq¶+Q+kj½ dh ckrksa dk rqe jat u fd;k djks blesa rks Ód ugha fd lkjh bT+t+r rks flQZ [k+qnk gh ds fy, gS ogh lcdh lqurk tkurk gS ¼65½
vkxkg jgks blesa Ód ugha fd tks yksx vklekuksa esa gSa vkSj tks yksx t+ehu esa gS ¼x+jt+ lc dqN½ [k+qnk gh ds fy, gS vkSj tks yksx [k+qnk dks NksM+dj ¼nwljksa dks½ iqdkjrs gSa og rks ¼[k+qnk ds Qt+hZ½ Ójhdksa dh jkg ij Hkh ugha pyrs cfYd og rks flQZ viuh vVdy ij pyrs gSa vkSj og flQZ ogeh vkSj [+;kyh ckrsa fd;k djrs gSa ¼66½
og ogh ¼[kqnk,W d+kfnj rokuk½ gS ftlus rqEgkjs uQk ds okLrs jkr dks cuk;k rkfd rqe blesa pSu djks vkSj fnu dks ¼cuk;k½ fd mldh jkS’kuh esa ns[kks Hkkyks mlesa Ód ugha tks yksx lqu ysrs gSa muds fy, blesa ¼dqnjr dh cgqrsjh fu’kkfu;k¡ gSa½ ¼67½
yksxksa us rks dg fn;k fd [k+qnk us csVk cuk fy;k&;s egt+ yxksa og reke udk;l ls ikd o ikdht+k og ¼gj rjg½ ls csijokg gSa o tks dqN vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS ¼lc½ mlh dk gS ¼tks dqN½ rqe dgrs gks¼ mldh dksbZ nyhy rks rqEgkjs ikl gS ugha D;k rqe [k+qnk ij½ ¼;wW gh½ cs tkus cw>s >wB cksyk djrs gks ¼68½
,s jlwy rqe dg nks fd cs’kd tks yksx >wB ewB [+k+qnk ij cksgrku ck/krs gSa og dHkh dke;kc u gksxsa ¼69½
¼;s½ nqfu;k ds ¼pUn jkst+k½ Qk;ns gSa fQj rks vkf[k+j gekjh gh rjQ ykSV dj vkuk gS rc muds dqÝ dh lt+k esa ge mudks l[+r vt+kc ds et+s p[kk,¡xsa ¼70½
vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe muds lkeus uwg dk gky i<+ nks tc mUgksaus viuh d+kSe ls dgk ,s esjh d+kSe vxj esjk Bgjuk vkSj [+k+qnk dh vk;rksa dk ppkZ djuk rqe ij Ókd+ o xjkW ¼cqjk½ xqt+jrk gS rks eSa flQZ [+k+qnk gh ij Hkjkslk j[krk gw¡ rks rqe vkSj rqegkjs Ójhd+ lc feydj viuk dke Bhd dj yks fQj rqEgkjh ckr rqe ¼esa ls fdlh½ ij egt+ ¼Nqih½ u jgs fQj ¼tks rqEgkjk th pkgs½ esjs lkFk dj xqt+jksa vkSj xq>s ¼ne ekjus dh Hkh½ eksgyr u nks ¼71½
fQj Hkh vxj rqe us ¼esjh ulhgr ls½ eq¡g eksM+k rks eSus rqe ls dqN et+nwjh rks u ek¡xh Fkh&esjh et+nwjh rks flQZ [k+qnk gh ij gS vkSj ¼mlh dh rjQ ls½ eq>s gqDe fn;k x;k gS fd eSa mlds Qjekcjnkj cUnksa esa ls gks tkÅ¡ ¼72½
ml ij Hkh mu yksxksa us mudks >qByk;k rks geus mudks vkSj tks yksx muds lkFk d’rh esa ¼lokj½ Fks ¼mudks½ utkr nh vkSj mudks ¼vxyksa dk½ tku’khu cuk;k vkSj ftu yksxksa us gekjh vk;rksa dks >qByk;k Fkk mudks Mqcks ekjk fQj t+jk x+kSj rks djks fd tks ¼vt+kc ls½ Mjk, tk pqds Fks mudk D;k ¼[k+jkc½ vUtke gqvk ¼73½
fQj geus uwg ds ckn vkSj jlwyksa dks viuh d+kSe ds ikl Hkstk rks og iSx+Ecj muds ikl okts+, ¼[kqys gq,½ o jkS’ku ekSftt+s ysdj vk, bl ij Hkh ftl pht+ dks ;s yksx igys >qByk pqds Fks ml ij bZeku ¼u ykuk Fkk½ u yk, ge ;wW gh gn ls xqt+j tkus okyksa ds fnyksa ij ¼xks;k½ [kqn eksgj dj nsrs gSa ¼74½
fQj geus bu iSx+Ecjksa ds ckn ewlk o gk#u dks viuh fu’kkfu;k¡ ¼ekSftt+s½ ysdj fQjvkÅu vkSj ml ¼dh d+kSe½ ds ljnkjksa ds ikl Hkstk rks og yksx vdM+ cSBs vkSj ;s yksx Fks gh dqlwjokj ¼75½
fQj tc muds ikl gekjh rjQ ls gd+ ckr ¼ekSftt+s½ igq¡p x, rks dgus yxs fd ;s rks ;d+huh [kqYye [kqYyk tknw gS ¼76½
ewlk us dgk D;k tc ¼nhu½ rqEgkjs ikl vk;k rks mlds ckjs esa dgrs gks fd D;k ;s tknw gS vkSj tknwxj yksx dHkh dke;kc u gksxsa ¼77½
og yksx dgus yxs fd ¼,s ewlk½ D;ksa rqe gekjs ikl ml okLrs vk, gks fd ftl nhu ij geus vius cki nknkvksa dks ik;k mlls rqe ges cgdk nks vkSj lkjh t+ehu esa gh nksuksa dh c<+kbZ gks vkSj ;s yksx rqe nksuksa ij bZeku ykus okys ugha ¼78½
vkSj fQjvkÅu us gqDe fn;k fd gekjs gqt+wj esa reke f[kykM+h ¼okfd+Qdkj½ tknwxj dks rks ys vkvks ¼79½
fQj tc tknwxj yksx ¼eSnku esa½ vk ekStwn gq, rks ewlk us muls dgk fd rqedks tks dqN Qsaduk gks Qsadks ¼80½
fQj tc og yksx ¼jfLl;ksa dks lk¡i cukdj½ Mky pqds rw ewlk us dgk tks dqN rqe ¼cukdj½ yk, gks ¼og rks lc½ tknw gS&blesa rks Ód gh ugha fd [+k+qnk mls QkSju fefV;kesV dj nsxk ¼D;ksadj½ [k+qnk rks gjfxt+ eQ+flnksa ¼Qlkn djus okyksa½ dk dke nq#Lr ugha gksus nsrk ¼81½
vkSj [+k+qnk lPph ckr dks vius dyke dh cjdr ls lkfcr dj fn[kkrk gS vxjps xqukgxkjksa dks uk xWokj gks ¼82½
vyx+jt+ ewlk ij mudh d+kSe dh uLy ds pUn vknfe;ksa ds flok fQjvkÅu vkSj mlds ljnkjksa ds bl [k+kSQ ls fd mu ij dksbZ eqlhcr Mky ns dksbZ bZeku u yk;k vkSj blesa Ód ugha fd fQjvkÅu #, t+ehu esa cgqr c<+k p<+k Fkk vkSj blesa Ód ugha fd og ;d+huu T+;knrh djus okyksa esa ls Fkk ¼83½
vkSj ewlk us dgk ,s esjh d+kSe vxj rqe ¼lPps fny ls½ [k+qnk ij beku yk pqds rks vxj rqe Qjekcjnkj gks rks cl mlh ij Hkjkslk djks ¼84½
ml ij mu yksxksa us vt+Z dh geus rks [+k+qnk gh ij Hkjkslk dj fy;k gS vkSj nqvk dh fd ,s gekjs ikyus okys rw gesa t+kfye yksxksa dk ¼t+fj;k½ bfErgku u cuk ¼85½
vkSj viuh jger ls gesa bu dkfQ+j yksxksa ¼ds uhps½ ls utkr ns ¼86½
vkSj geus ewlk vkSj muds HkkbZ ¼gk#u½ ds ikl ^ogh* Hksth fd felz esa viuh d+kSe ds ¼jgus lgus ds½ fy, ?kj cuk Mkyks vkSj vius vius ?kjksa gh dks efLtnsa d+jkj ns yks vkSj ikcUnh ls uekt+ i<+ksa vkSj eksfeuhu dks ¼utkr dk½ [kq’k[k+cjh ns nks ¼87½
vkSj ewlk us vt+Z dh ,s gekjs ikyus okys rwus fQjvkÅu vkSj mlds ljnkjksa dks nqfu;k dh ft+Unxh esa ¼cM+h½ vkjkb’k vkSj nkSyr ns j[kh gS ¼D;k rwus ;s lkeku bl fy, vrk fd;k gS½ rkfd ;s yksx rsjs jkLrsa ls yksxksa dks cgdk,W ijojfnxkj rw muds eky ¼nkSyr½ dks x+kjr ¼cjckn½ dj ns vkSj muds fnyksa ij l[+rh dj ¼D;ksafd½ tc rd ;s yksx rdyhQ nsg vt+kc u ns[k ysxsa bZeku u yk,xsa ¼88½
¼[k+qnk us½ Qjek;k rqe nksuksa dh nqvk d+qcwy dh xbZ rks rqe nksuksa lkfcr dne jgks vkSj uknkuksa dh jkg ij u pyks ¼89½
vkSj geus cuh bljkby dks nfj;k ds ml ikj dj fn;k fQj fQjvkÅu vkSj mlds y’dj us ljd’kh dh vkSj Ójkjr ls mudk ihNk fd;k&;gk¡ rd fd tc og Mwcus yxk rks dgus yxk fd ftl [k+qnk ij cuh bljkby beku yk, gSa eS Hkh ml ij bZeku ykrk gw¡ mlls flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha vkSj eSa Qjekcjnkj cUnksa ls gw¡ ¼90½
vc ¼ejus½ ds oD+r bZeku ykrk gS gkykWfd blls igys rks ukQ+jekuh dj pqdk vkSj rw rks Q+lkfn;ksa esa ls Fkk ¼91½
rks ge vkt rssjh #g dks rks ugha ¼exj½ rsjs cnu dks ¼rg u’khu gksus ls½ cpk,¡xsa rkfd rw vius ckn okyksa ds fy, bcjr dk ¼ckbl½ gks vkSj blesa rks Ód ugha fd rsjs yksx gekjh fu’kkfu;ksa ls ;d+huu cs[k+cj gSa ¼92½
vkSj geus cuh bljkby dks ¼ekfyd Óke esa½ cgqr vPNh txg clk;k vkSj mUga vPNh vPNh pht+sa [kkus dks nh rks mu yksxksa ds ikl tc rd bYe ¼u½ vk pqdk mu yksxksa us ,[+rsykQ+ ugha fd;k blesa rks Ód gh ugha ftu ckrksa esa ;s ¼nqfu;k esa½ ckge >xM+s jgs gS d+;ker ds fnu rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj blesa QSlyk dj nsxk ¼93½
il tks dq+jku geus rqEgkjh rjQ ukft+y fd;k gS vxj mlds ckjs esa rqe dks dqN Ód gks rks tks yksx rqe ls igys ls fdrkc ¼[+k+qnk½ i<+k djrs gSa mu ls iwN ds ns[kksa rqEgkjs ikl ;d+huu rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls cjgd+ fdrkc vk pqdh rks rw u gjfxt+ Ód djus okyksa ls gksuk ¼94½
u mu yksxksa ls gksuk ftUgksaus [k+qnk dh vk;rksa dks >qByk;k ¼ojuk½ rqe Hkh ?kkVk mBkus okyksa ls gks tkvksxs ¼95½
¼,s jlwy½ blesa Ód ugha fd ftu yksxksa ds ckjs esa rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dks ckrsa iwjh mrj pqdh gSa ¼fd ;s eqLrgds+ vt+kc gSa½ ¼96½
og yksx tc rd nnZukd vt+kc ns[k ¼u½ ysxsa beku u yk,Wxsa vxjps buds lkeus lkjh ¼[k+qnkbZ ds½ ekSftt+s vk ekStwn gks ¼97½
dksbZ cLrh ,slh D;ksa u gq;h fd beku d+qcwy djrh rks mldks mldk beku Qk;ns eUn gksrk gk¡ ;wuwl dh d+kSe tc ¼vt+kc ns[k dj½ beku ykbZ rks geus nqfu;k dh ¼pUn jkst+k½ ft+Unxh esa muls #lokbZ dk vt+kc nQk dj fn;k vkSj geus mUgas ,d [k+kl oD+r rd pSu djus fn;k ¼98½
vkSj ¼,s iSx+Ecj½ vxj rsjk ijojfnxkj pkgrk rks ftrus yksx #, t+ehu ij gSa lcds lc beku ys vkrs rks D;k rqe yksxksa ij t+cjnLrh djuk pkgrs gks rkfd lcds lc bekunkj gks tk,¡ gkykWfd fdlh Ó[+l dks ;s ,[+rs;kj ugha ¼99½
fd cxS+j [+k+qnk dh btkt+r bZeku ys vk, vkSj tks yksx ¼mlwys nhu esa½ vd+y ls dke ugha ysrs mUgha yskxsa ij [+k+qnk ¼dqÝ+½ dh xUnxh Mky nsrk gS ¼100½
¼,s jlwy½ rqe dgk nks fd t+jk ns[kksa rks lgh fd vklekuksa vkSj t+ehu esa ¼[k+qnk dh fu’kkfu;k¡ D;k½ D;k dqN gSa ¼exj lp rks ;s gS½ vkSj tks yksx bZeku ugha d++qcwy djrs mudks gekjh fu’kkfu;k¡ vkSj Mjkos dqN Hkh eqQhn ugha ¼101½
rks ;s yksx Hkh mUgsa lt+kvksa ds eqfUrt+j ¼bUrtkj esa½ gSa tks muls d+Cy ¼igys½ okyks aij xqt+j pqdh gSa ¼,s jlwy muls½ dg nks fd vPNk rqe Hkh bUrt+kj djks eSa Hkh rqEgkjs lkFk ;d+huu bUrt+kj djrk gw¡ ¼102½
fQj ¼uqt+wys vt+kc ds oD+r½ ge vius jlwyksa dks vkSj tks yksx bZeku yk, mudks ¼vt+kc ls½ rywm cpk ysrs gSa ;w¡ gh ge ij ykft+e gS fd ge beku ykus okyksa dks Hkh cpk ysa ¼103½
¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd vxj rqe yksx esjs nhu ds ckjs esa Ód esa iM+s gks rks ¼eSa Hkh rqels lkQ dgsa nsrk gw¡½ [+k+qnk ds flok rqe Hkh ftu yskxksa dh ijlfr’k djrs gks eS rks mudh ijlfr’k ugha djus dk exj ¼gk¡½ eS ml [k+qnk dh bcknr djrk gw¡ tks rqEgsa ¼viuh dqnjr ls nqfu;k ls½ mBk ysxk vkSj eq>s rks ;s gqDe fn;k x;k gS fd eksfeu gw¡ ¼104½
vkSj ¼eq>s½ ;s Hkh ¼gqDe gS½ fd ¼ckfry½ ls drjk ds viuk #[k+ nhu dh rjQ dk;e j[k vkSj eq’kjsdhu ls gjfxt+ u gksuk ¼105½
vkSj [k+qnk dks NksM+ ,slh pht+ dks iqdkjuk tks u rq>s uQk gh igq¡pk ldrh gSa u uqd+lku gh igq¡pk ldrh gS rks vxj rqeus ¼dgha ,slk½ fd;k rks ml oD+r rqe Hkh t+kfyeksa esa ¼’kqekj½ gksxsa ¼106½
vkSj ¼;kn j[kks fd½ vxj [k+qnk dh rjQ ls rqEgsa dksbZ cqjkbZ Nw Hkh xbZ rks fQj mlds flok dksbZ mldk nQk djus okyk ugha gksxk vkSj vxj rqEgkjs lkFk HkykbZ dk bjknk djs rks fQj mlds Qt+y o dje dk yisVus okyk Hkh dksbZ ugha og vius cUnksa esa ls ftldks pkgs Qk;nk igq¡pk,¡ vkSj og cM+k c[+’kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼107½
¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ,s yksxksa rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls rqEgkjs ikl gd+ ¼d+qjku½ vk pqdk fQj tks Ó[+l lh/kh jkg ij pysxk rks og flQZ vius gh ne ds fy, fgnk;r ,[+rs;kj djsxk vkSj tks xqejkgh ,[+rs;kj djsxk og rks HkVd dj dqN viuk gh [kks,xk vkSj eSa dqN rqEgkjk ft+Eesnkj rks gw¡ ugha ¼108½
vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqEgkjs ikl tks ^ogh* Hksth tkrh gS rqe cl mlh dh iSjoh djks vkSj lcz djks ;gk¡ rd fd [k+qnk rqEgkjs vkSj dkfQjksa ds njfE;ku QSlyk Qjek, vkSj og rks reke QSlyk djus okyksa ls csgrj gS ¼109½

lwj, ;wuql [k+Re