lwj, vuQ+ky
lwj, vuQ+ky enhuk esa ukft+y gqvk vkSj blesa iPgRrj ¼75½ vk;rsa gSa
[k+qnk ds uke ls ¼’kq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS
¼,s jlwy½ rqe ls yksx vuQky ¼ekys x+uher½ ds ckjs esa iwNk djrs gSa rqe dg nks fd vuQky e[k+lwl [k+qnk vkSj jlwy ds okLrs gS rks [+k+qnk ls Mjks ¼vkSj½ vius ckgeh ¼vkilh½ ekeykr dh vlykg djks vkSj vxj rqe lPps ¼bZekunkj½ gks rks [+k+qnk dh vkSj mlds jlwy dh brkvr djks ¼1½
lPps bZekunkj rks cl ogh yksx gSa fd tc ¼muds lkeus½ [+k+qnk dk ft+Ø fd;k tkrk gS rks muds fny fgy tkrs gSa vkSj tc muds lkeus mldh vk;rsa i<+h tkrh gSa rks muds beku dks vkSj Hkh T+;knk dj nsrh gSa vkSj og yksx cl vius ijojfnxkj gh ij Hkjkslk j[krs gSa ¼2½
uekt+ dks ikcUnh ls vnk djrs gSa vkSj tks ge us mUgsa fn;k gSa mlesa ls ¼jkgs [+k+qnk esa½ [k+pZ djrs gSa ¼3½
;gh rks lPps bZekunkj gSa mUgha ds fy, muds ijojfnxkj ds gkW ¼cM+s cM+s½ njts gSa vkSj cf[+’k’k vkSj bT+t+r vkSj vkc: ds lkFk jkst+h gS ¼;s ekys x+uher dk >xM+k oSlk gh gS½ ¼4½
ftl rjg rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us rqEgsa fcYdqy Bhd ¼elygr ls½ rqEgkjs ?kj ls ¼tax cnj½ esa fudkyk Fkk vkSj eksfeuhu dk ,d fxjksg ¼mlls½ uk[kq’k Fkk ¼5½
fd og yksx gd+ ds t+kfgj gksus ds ckn Hkh rqels ¼[+okg ek[+okg½ lPph ckr esa >xM+rsa Fksa vkSj bl rjg ¼djus yxs½ xks;k ¼t+cjnLrh½ ekSr ds eq¡g esa <dsys tk jgs gSa ¼6½
vkSj mls ¼viuh vk¡[kksa ls½ ns[k jgs gSa vkSj ¼;s oD+r Fkk½ tc [+k+qnk rqels ok;nk dj jgk Fkk fd ¼dq¶Qkj eDdk½ nks tekvrksa esa ls ,d rqEgkjs fy, t+:jh gSa vkSj rqe ;s pkgrs Fks fd det+ksj tekvr rqEgkjs gkFk yxs ¼rkfd cx+Sj yM+s fHkM+s ekys x+uher gkFk vk tk,½ vkSj [k+qnk ;s pkgrk Fkk fd viuh ckrksa ls gd+ dks lkfcr ¼d+ne½ djsa vkSj dkfQjksa dh tM+ dkV Mkys ¼7½
rkfd gd+ dks ¼gd+½ lkfcr dj ns vkSj ckfry dk fefV;kesV dj ns vxj ps xqukgxkj ¼dq¶Qkj mlls½ uk[kq’k gh D;ksa u gks ¼8½
¼;s og oD+r Fkk½ tc rqe vius ijofnxkj ls Qfj;kn dj jgs Fks mlus rqEgkjh lqu yh vkSj tokc ns fn;k fd eSa rqEgkjh yxkrkj gt+kj Qfj’rksa ls enn d:¡xk ¼9½
vkSj ¼;s benkn x+Sch½ [+k+qnk us flQZ rqEgkjh [k+kfrj ¼[kq’kh½ ds fy, dh Fkh vkSj rqEgkjs fny eqrebu gks tk,W vkSj ¼;kn j[kks½ enn [+k+qnk ds flok vkSj dgha ls ¼dHkh½ ugha gksrh cs’kd [k+qnk x+kfyc fgder okyk gS ¼10½

;s og oD+r Fkk tc viuh rjQ ls bfReuku nsus ds fy, rqe ij uhan dks x+kfyc dj jgk Fkk vkSj rqe ij vkleku ls ikuh cjl jgk Fkk rkfd mlls rqEgsa ikd ¼ikdht+k dj ns vkSj rqe ls ÓSrku dh xUnxh nwj dj ns vkSj rqEgkjs fny et+cwr dj ns vkSj ikuh ls ¼ckyw te tk,½ vkSj rqEgkjs d+ne c d+ne ¼vPNh rjg½ tek, jgs ¼11½
¼,s jlwy ;s og oD+r Fkk½ tc rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj Qfj’rksa ls Qjek jgk Fkk fd eS ;dhuu rqEgkjs lkFk gw¡ rqe bZekunkjksa dks lkfcr d+ne j[kks eS cgqr tYn dkfQjksa ds fnyksa esa ¼rqEgkjk jkSc½ Mky nw¡xk ¼il fQj D;k gS vc½ rks mu dq¶Qkj dh xnZuksa ij ekjks vkSj mudh iksj iksj dks pfV;k dj nks ¼12½
;s ¼lt+k½ blfy, gS fd mu yksxksa us [+k+qnk vkSj mlds jlwy dh eq[+kkfyQ dh vkSj tks Ó[+l ¼Hkh½ [+k+qnk vkSj mlds jlwy dh eq[k+kyQ+r djsxk rks ¼;kn jgsa fd½ [+k+qnk cM+k l[+r vt+kc djus okyk gS ¼13½
¼dkfQjksa nqfu;k esa rks½ yks fQj ml ¼lt+k dk p[kks vkSj ¼fQj vkf[k+j esa rks½ dkfQjksa ds okLrs tgUuqe dk vt+kc gh gS ¼14½
,s bZekunkjksa tc rqels dq¶+Q+kj ls eSnkus tax esa eqd+kcyk gqvk rks ¼[k+cjnkj½ mudh rjQ ihB u djuk ¼15½
¼;kn jgs fd½ ml Ó[+l ds flok tks yM+kbZ okLrs drjk, ;k fdlh tekvr ds ikl ¼tkdj½ ekSds+ ik, ¼vkSj½ tks Ó[+l Hkh ml fnu mu dq¶+Q+kj dh rjQ ihB Qsjsxk og ;d+huh ¼fgj fQj ds½ [k+qnk ds x+tc esa vk x;k vkSj mldk fBdkuk tgUuqe gh gSa vkSj og D;k cqjk fBdkuk gS ¼16½
vkSj ¼eqlyekuksa½ mu dq¶+Q+kj dks dqN rqeus rks d+Ry fd;k ugh cfYd mudks rks [+k+qnk us d+Ry fd;k vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ tc rqeus rhj ekjk rks dqN rqeus ugh ekjk cfYd [+k+qn [+k+qnk us rhj ekjk vkSj rkfd viuh rjQ ls eksfeuhu ij [kwc ,glku djs cs’kd [k+qnk ¼lcdh½ lqurk vkSj ¼lc dqN½ tkurk gS ¼17½
;s rks ;s [k+qnk rks dkfQjksa dh eDdkjh dk det+ksj dj nsus okyk gS ¼18½
¼dkfQ+j½ vxj rqe ;s pkgrs gks ¼fd tks gd+ ij gks mldh½ Q+rsg gks ¼eqlyekuksa dh½ Q+rsg Hkh rqEgkjs lkeus vk ekStwn gq;h vc D;k xq+:j ckd+h gS vkSj vxj rqe ¼vc Hkh eq[k+rfyQ+ bLyke½ ls ckt+ jgks rks rqEgkjs okLrs csgrj gS vkSj vxj dgha rqe iyV iM+s rks ¼;kn jgs½ ge Hkh iyV iM+sxsaa ¼vkSj rqEgsa rckg dj NksM+ nsxsa½ vkSj rqEgkjh tekvr vxjps cgqr T+;knk Hkh gks gjfxt+ dqN dke u vk,xh vkSj [+k+qnk rks ;d+huh ekfeuhu ds lkFk gS ¼19½
¼,s bZekunkjksa [kqnk vkSj mlds jlwy dh brkvr djks vkSj mlls eq¡g u eksM+ks tc rqe le> jgs gks ¼20½
vkSj mu yksxksa ds ,sls u gks tkvksa tks ¼eq¡g ls rks½ dgrs Fks fd ge lqu jgs gSa gkykfd og lqurs ¼lqukrs [k+kd½ u Fks ¼21½
blesa Ód ugha fd t+ehu ij pyus okys reke gSokukr ls cnrj [k+qnk ds ut+nhd og cgjs xw¡xs ¼dq¶Qkj½ gSa tks dqN ugha le>rs ¼22½
vkSj vxj [+k+qnk muesa usdh ¼dh cw Hkh½ ns[krk rks t+:j muesa lquus dh d+kcfy;r vrk djrk exj ;s ,sls gSa fd vxj muesa lquus dh d+kfcy;r Hkh nsrk rks eq¡g Qsj dj HkkxrsA ¼23½
,s bZekunkj tc rqe dks gekjk jlwy ¼eksgEen½ ,sls dke ds fy, cqyk, tks rqEgkjh :gkuh ft+Unxh dk ckbl gks rks rqe [k+qnk vkSj jlwy ds gqDe fny ls dqcwy dj yks vkSj tku yks fd [k+qnk og d+kfnj eqrfyd+ gS fd vkneh vkSj mlds fny ¼bjkns½ ds njfe;ku bl rjg vk tkrk gS vkSj ;s Hkh le> yks fd rqe lcds lc mlds lkeus gkft+j fd;s tkvksxs ¼24½
vkSj ml fQrus ls Mjrs jgks tks [k+kl mUgha yksxksa ij ugh iM+sxk ftUgksus rqe esa ls t+qYe fd;k ¼cfYd rqe lcds lc mlesa iM+ tkvksxs½ vkSj ;d+hu ekuksa fd [k+qnk cM+k l[+r vt+kc djus okyk gS ¼25½
¼eqlyekuksa og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc rqe lj t+ehu ¼eDds½ esa cgqr de vkSj fcYdqy cscl Fks mlls lges tkrs Fks fd dgha yksx rqedks mpd u ys tk, rks [k+qnk us rqedks ¼enhus esa½ iukg nh vkSj [k+kl viuh enn ls rqEgkjh rkbZn dh vkSj rqEgs ikd o ikdht+k pht+s [kkus dks nh rkfd rqe ÓqØ xqt+kjh djks ¼26½
,s bZekunkjksa u rks [+k+qnk vkSj jlwy dh ¼vekur esa½ [+;kur djks vkSj u viuh vekurksa esa [+;kur djks gkykWfd le>rs cw>rs gks ¼27½
vkSj ;d+hu tkuksa fd rqEgkjs eky vkSj rqEgkjh vkSykn rqEgkjh vkt+ekb’k ¼bErsgku½ dh pht+s gSa fd tks mudh eksgCcr esa Hkh [k+qnk dks u Hkwys vkSj og nhunkj gS ¼28½
vkSj ;d+huu [+k+qnk ds gkW cM+h et+nwjh gS ,s bZekunkjksa vxj rqe [+k+qnk ls Mjrs jgksxs rks og rqEgkjs okLrs bfEr;kt+ iSnk djs nsxk vkSj rqEgkjh rjQ ls rqEgkjs xqukg dk d¶+Q+kjk d+jkj nsxk vkSj rqEgsa c[+’k nsxk vkSj [+k+qnk cM+k lkgc Qt+y ¼o dje ½ gS ¼29½
vkSj ¼,s jlwy og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc dq¶+Q+kj rqe ls Qjsc dj jgs Fks rkfd rqedks d+Sn dj ysa ;k rqedks ekj Mkys rqEgsa ¼?kj ls ½ fudky ckgj djs og rks ;s rn~chj ¼pkykdh½ dj jgs Fks vkSj [+k+qnk Hkh ¼muds f[k+ykQ½ rn~chj dj jgk Fkk ¼30½
vkSj [+k+qnk rks lc rn~chj djus okyksa ls csgrj gS vkSj tc muds lkeus gekjh vk;rs i<+h tkrh gSa rks cksy mBrs gSa fd geus lquk rks ysfdu vxj ge pkgsa rks ;d+huu ,slk gh ¼d+jkj½ ge Hkh dg ldrs gSa&rks cl vxyksa ds fd+Lls gS ¼31½
vkSj ¼,s jlwy og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc mu dkfQjksa us nqvk,¡ ek¡xha Fkh fd [+k+qnk ¼oUn½ vxj ;s ¼nhu bLyke½ gd+ gS vkSj rsjs ikl ls ¼vk;k gS½ rks ge ij vkleku ls iRFkj cjlk ;k ge ij dksbZ vkSj nnZukd vt+kc gh ukft+y Qjek ¼32½
gkykWfd tc rd rqe muds njfE;ku ekStwn gks [k+qnk mu ij vt+kc ugha djsxk vkSj vYykg ,slk Hkh ugh fd yksx rks mlls vius xqukgks dh ekQh ek¡x jgs gSa vkSj [+k+qnk mu ij ukft+y Qjek, ¼33½
vkSj tc ;s yksx yksxksa dks efLtnqy gjke ¼[k+ku , dkck dh bcknr½ ls jksdrs gS rks fQj muds fy, dkSu lh ckr ckd+h gS fd mu ij vt+kc u ukft+y djs vkSj ;s yksx rks [k+kuk, dkck ds eqroYyh Hkh ugha ¼fQj D;ksa jksdrs gS½ blds eqroYyh rks flQZ ijgst+xkj yksx gSa exj bu dkfQ+jksa esa ls cgqrsjs ugha tkurs ¼34½

vkSj [k+kuk, dkcs ds ikl lhfV;kW rkfy;k ctkus ds flok mudh uekt gh D;k Fkh rks ¼,s dkfQjksa½ tc rqe dqÝ fd;k djrs Fks mldh lt+k esa ¼iM+s½ vt+kc ds et+s p[kks ¼35½
blesa Ód ugha fd ;s dq¶Qkj vius eky egt+ bl okLrs [kpZ djsxsa fQj mlds ckn mudh gljr dk ckbl gksxk fQj vkf[k+j ;s yksx gkj tk,¡xsa vkSj ftu yksxksa us dqÝ ,[+fr;kj fd;k ¼d+;ker esa½ lc ds lc tgUuqe dh rjQ gkds tk,¡xsa ¼36½
rkfd [+k+qnk ikd dks ukikd ls tqnk dj ns vkSj ukikd yksxksa dks ,d nwljs ij j[kds <sj cuk, fQj lc dks tgUuqe esa >ksad ns ;gh yksx ?kkVk mBkus okys gSa ¼37½
¼,s jlwy½ rqe dkfQjksa ls dg nks fd vxj og yksx ¼vc Hkh viuh Ójkjr ls½ ckt+ jgsa rks muds fiNys dqlwj ekQ dj fn, tk,W vkSj vxj fQj dgha iyVsa rks ;d+huu vxyksa ds rjhd+s xqt+j pqds tks] mudh lt+k gq;h ogh budh Hkh gksxh ¼38½
eqlyekuksa dkfQ+jksa ls yM+s tkvks ;gk¡ rd fd dksbZ Qlkn ¼ckd+h½ u jgs vkSj ¼fcYdqy lkjh [+k+qnkbZ esa½ [+k+qnk dh nhu gh nhu gks tk, fQj vxj ;s yksx ¼Q+lkn ls½ u ckt+ vk,W rks [+k+qnk mudh dkjokb;ksa dks [+kwc ns[krk gS ¼39½
vkSj vxj ljrkch djsa rks ¼eqlyekuksa½ le> yks fd [+k+qnk ;d+huh rqEgkjk ekfyd gS vkSj og D;k vPNk ekfyd gS vkSj D;k vPNk ennxkj gS ¼40½
vkSj tku yks fd tks dqN rqe ¼eky yM+dj½ ywVks rks muesa dk ikWpokW fgLlk e[k+lwl [+k+qnk vkSj jlwy vkSj ¼jlwy ds½ d+jkcrnkjksa vkSj ;rheksa vkSj feLdhuksa vkSj ijnsfl;ksa dk gS vxj rqe [k+qnk ij vkSj ml ¼x+Sch benkn½ ij bZeku yk pqds gks tks geus [k+kl cUns ¼eksgEen½ ij Q+Slys ds fnu ¼tax cnj esa½ ukft+y dh Fkh ftl fnu ¼eqlyekuksa vkSj dkfQjksa dh½ nks tekvrsa ckge xqFk x;h Fkh vkSj [+k+qnk rks gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼41½
¼;s og oD+r Fkk½ tc rqe ¼eSnkus tax esa enhus ds½ d+jhc ukds ij Fks vkSj og dq¶+Q+kj cbZn ¼nwj ds½ ds ukds ij vkSj ¼dkfQ+ys ds½ lokj rqe ls u’ksc esa Fks vkSj vxj rqe ,d nwljs ls ¼oD+r dh rd+jhj dk½ ok;nk dj ysrs gks rks vkSj oD+r ij xM+cM+ dj nsrs exj ¼[k+qnk us vpkud rqe yksxksa dks bdV~Bk dj fn;k rkfd tks ckr Ónuh ¼gksuh½ Fkh og iwjh dj fn[kk, rkfd tks Ó[+l gykd ¼xqejkg½ gks og ¼gd+ dh½ gqTtr reke gksus ds ckn gykd gks vkSj tks ft+Unk jgs og fgnk;r dh gqTtr reke gksus ds ckn ft+Unk jgs vkSj [k+qnk ;d+huh lquus okyk [k+cjnkj gS ¼42½
¼;s og oD+r Fkk½ tc [+k+qnk us rqEgsa [+okc esa dq¶+Q+kj dks de djds fn[kyk;k Fkk vkSj vxj mudks rqEgsa T+;knk djrs fn[kykrk rqe ;d+huu fgEer gkj nsrs vkSj yM+kbZ ds ckjs esa >xM+us yxrs exj [+kqnk us bls ¼cnukeh½ ls cpk;k blesa rks Ód gh ugha fd og fnyh [+;kykr ls okfd+Q+ gS ¼43½
¼;s og oD+r Fkk½ tc rqe yksxksa us eqBHksM+ dh rks [+k+qnk us rqEgkjh vkW[kksa esa dq¶+Q+kj dks cgqr de djds fn[kyk;k vkSj mudh vkW[kksa esa rqedks FkksM+k dj fn;k rkfd [k+qnk dks tks dqN djuk eat+wj Fkk og iwjk gks tk, vkSj dqy ckrksa dk nkjksenkj rks [k+qnk gh ij gS ¼44½
,s bekunkjksa tc rqe fdlh QkSt ls eqBHksM+ djks rks [k+cjnkj vius d+ne tek, jgks vkSj [k+qnk dks cgqar ;kn djrs jgks rkfd rqe Qykg ikvks ¼45½
vkSj [+k+qnk dh vkSj mlds jlwy dh brkvr djks vkSj vkil esa >xM+k u djks ojuk rqe fgEer gkjksxs vkSj rqEgkjh gok m[kM+ tk,xh vkSj ¼tax dh rdyhQ+ dks½ >sy tkvks ¼D;ksafd½ [k+qnk rks ;d+huu lcz djus okyksa dk lkFkh gS ¼46½
vkSj mu yksxksa ds ,sls u gks tkvks tks brjkrs gq, vkSj yksxksa ds fn[kykus ds okLrs vius ?kjksa ls fudy [kM+s gq, vkSj yksxksa dks [+kqnk dh jkg ls jksdrs gSa vkSj tks dqN Hkh og yksx djrs gSa [+k+qnk ml ij ¼gj rjg ls½ vgkrk fd, gq, gS ¼47½
vkSj tc ÓSrku us mudh dkjLrkfu;ksa dks mEnk dj fn[kk;k vkSj muds dku esa QwWd fn;k fd yksxksa esa vkt dksbZ ,slk ugha tks rqe ij x+kfyc vk lds vkSj eS rqEgkjk ennxkj gwW fQj tc nksuksa y’dj eqdkfcy gq, rks vius myVs ikWo Hkkx fudyk vkSj dgus yxk fd eS rks rqe ls vyx gwW eS og phtsa+ ns[k jgk gwW tks rqEgsa ugha lw>rh eSa rks [k+qnk ls Mjrk gwW vkSj [k+qnk cgqr l[+r vt+kc okyk gS ¼48½
¼;s oD+r Fkk½ tc equkfQd+hu vkSj ftu yksxksa ds fny esa ¼dqÝ dk½ et+Z gS dg jgs Fks fd mu eqlyekuksa dks muds nhu us /kksds esa Mky j[kk gS ¼fd brjkrs fQjrs gSa gkykWfd tks Ó[+l [+k+qnk ij Hkjkslk djrk gS ¼og x+kfyc jgrk gS D;ksafd½ [+k+qnk rks ;d+huu x+kfyc vkSj fgder okyk gS ¼49½
vkSj dk’k ¼,s jlwy½ rqe ns[krs tc Q+fj’rs dkfQ+jksa dh tku fudky ysrs Fks vkSj :[k+ vkSj iq’r ¼ihB½ ij dksM+s ekjrs Fks vkSj ¼dgrs Fks fd½ vt+kc tgUuqe ds et+s p[kksa ¼50½
;s lt+k mldh gS tks rqEgkjs gkFkksa us igys fd;k djk;k gS vkSj [k+qnk cUnksa ij gjfxt+ t+qYe ugha fd;k djrk gS ¼51½
¼mu yksxksa dh gkyr½ d+kSes fQjvkÅu vkSj muds yksxksa dh lh gS tks mu ls igys Fks vkSj [+k+qnk dh vk;rksa ls bUdkj djrs Fks rks [+k+qnk us Hkh muds xqukgksa dh otg ls mUgsa ys Mkyk cs’kd [k+qnk t+cjnLr vkSj cgqr l[+r vt+kc nsus okyk gS ¼52½
;s lt+k bl otg ls ¼nh xbZ½ fd tc dksbZ usver [+kqnk fdlh d+kSe dks nsrk gS rks tc rd fd og yksx [+kqn viuh dych gkyr ¼u½ cnysa [k+qnk Hkh mls ugha cnysxk vkSj [+k+qnk rks ;d+huh ¼lc dh lqurk½ vkSj lc dqN tkurk gS ¼53½
¼mu yksxksa dh gkyr½ d+kSe fQjvkÅu vkSj mu yksxksa dh lh gS tks muls igys Fks vkSj vius ijojfnxkj dh vk;rksa dks >qBykrs Fks rks geus Hkh muds xqukgksa dh otg ls mudks gykd+ dj Mkyk vkSj fQjvkÅu dh d+kSe dks Mqck ekjk vkSj ¼;s½ lc ds lc t+kfye Fks ¼54½
blesa Ód ugha fd [+k+qnk ds ut+nhd tkuojksa esa dq¶+Q+kj lcls cnrjhu rks ¼ckotwn blds½ fQj bZeku ugha ykrs ¼55½
,s jlwy ftu yksxksa ls rqe us ,gn o iSeku fd;k Fkk fQj og yksx vius ,gn dks gj ckj rksM+ Mkyrs gS vkSj ¼fQj [+k+qnk ls½ ugha Mjrs ¼56½
rks vxj og yM+kbZ esa rqEgkjs gkFks p<+ tk,¡ rks ¼,slh l[+r xks’ekyh nks fd½ muds lkFk lkFk mu yksxksa dk rks vxj og yM+kbZ esa rqEgkjs gRFks p<+ tk,a rks ¼,slh ltk nks dh½ muds lkFk mu yksxksa dks Hkh frfrj fcfrj dj nks tks mu ds iq’r ij gks rkfd ;s bcjr gkfly djsa ¼57½
vkSj vxj rqEgsa fdlh d+kSe dh [+;kur ¼,gn f’kduh¼oknk f[+kykQh½½ dk [k+kSQ gks rks rqe Hkh cjkcj mudk ,gn mUgha dh rjQ ls Qasd ekjks ¼,gnks f’kdu ds lkFk ,gn f’kduh djks [+k+qnk gjfxt+ nx+kcktksa dks nksLr ugha j[krk ¼58½
vkSj dq¶+Q+kj ;s u [+;ky djsa fd og ¼eqlyekuksa ls½ vkxs c<+ fudys ¼D;ksafd½ og gjfxt+ ¼eqlyekuksa dks½ gjk ugha ldrs ¼59½
vkSj ¼eqlyekuksa rqe dq¶Qkj ds eqdkcys ds½ okLrs tgk¡ rd rqels gks lds ¼vius ckt+w ds½ t+ksj ls vkSj cW/ks gq, ?kksM+s ls yM+kbZ dk lkeku eqg¸;k djks blls [+k+qnk ds nq’eu vkSj vius nq’eu vkSj mlds flok nwljs yksxksa ij Hkh viuh /kkd c<+k ysxsa ftUgsa rqe ugha tkurs gks exj [k+qnk rks mudks tkurk gS vkSj [k+qnk dh jkg esa rqe tks dqN Hkh [k+pZ djksxsa og rqe iwjk iwjk Hkj ikvksxsa vkSj rqe ij fdlh rjg t+qYe ugha fd;k tk,xk ¼60½
vkSj vxj ;s dq¶Qkj lqyg dh rjQ ek,y gks rks rqe Hkh mldh rjQ ek,y gks vkSj [k+qnk ij Hkjkslk j[kks ¼D;ksafd½ og cs’kd ¼lc dqN½ lqurk tkurk gS ¼61½
vkSj vxj og yksx rqEgsa Qjsc nsuk pkgs rks ¼dqN ijok ugha½ [k+qnk rqEgkjs okLrs ;d+huh dkQh gS&¼,s jlwy½ ogh rks og ¼[k+qnk½ gS ftlus viuh [k+kl enn vkSj eksfeuhu ls rqEgkjh rkbZn dh ¼62½
vkSj mlh us mu eqlyekuksa ds fnyksa esa ckge ,slh myQ+r iSnk dj nh fd vxj rqe tks dqN t+ehu esa gS lc dk lc [kpZ dj Mkyrs rks Hkh muds fnyks esa ,slh myQ+r iSnk u dj ldrs exj [+k+qnk gh Fkk ftlus ckge myQr iSnk dh cs’kd og t+cjnLr fgd+er okyk gS ¼63½
,s jlwy rqedks cl [k+qnk vkSj tks eksfeuhu rqEgkjs rkcs, Qjeku ¼Qjekcjnkj½ gS dkQh gS ¼64½
,s jlwy rqe eksfeuhu dks ftgkn ds okLrs vkeknk djks ¼og ?kcjk, ugha [k+qnk muls ok;nk djrk gS fd½ vxj rqe yksxksa esa ds lkfcr d+ne jgus okys chl Hkh gksxsa rks og nks lkS ¼dkfQjksa½ ij x+kfyc vk tk;sxs vkSj vxj rqe yksxksa esa ls lkfcr dne jgus okyksa lkS gksxsaa rks gt+kj ¼dkfQjksa½ ij x+kfyc vk tk,¡xsa bl lcc ls fd ;s yksx uk le> gSa ¼65½
vc [+k+qnk us rqe ls ¼vius gqDe dh l[+rh esa½ r[+Q+hQ ¼deh½ dj nh vkSj ns[k fy;k fd rqe esa ;d+huu det+ksjh gS rks vxj rqe yksxksa esa ls lkfcr d+ne jgus okys lkS gksxsa rks nks lkS ¼dkfQ+jksa½ ij x+kfyc jgsaxsa vkSj vxj rqe yksxksa esa ls ¼,sls½ ,d gt+kj gksxsa rks [k+qnk ds gqDe ls nks gt+kj ¼dkfQ+jksa½ ij x+kfyc jgsaxs vkSj ¼tax dh rdyhQksa dks½ >sy tkus okyksa dk [k+qnk lkFkh gS ¼66½
dksbZ uch tc fd :, t+ehu ij ¼dkfQjksa dk½ [kwu u cgk, mlds ;gk¡ dS+fn;ksa dk jguk equkflc ugha rqe yksx rks nqfu;k ds lkt+ks lkeku ds [+okgkW ¼pkgus okys½ gks vkSWj [+k+qnk ¼rqEgkjs fy,½ vkf[k+jr dh ¼HkykbZ½ dk [okgkW gS vkSj [k+qnk t+cjnLr fgder okyk gS ¼67½
vkSj vxj [k+qnk dh rjQ ls igys gh ¼mldh½ ekQh dk gqDe vk pqdk gksrk rks rqeus tks ¼cnj ds d+Sfn;ksa ds NksM+ nsus ds cnys½ fQfn;k fy;k Fkk ¼68½
mldh lt+k esa rqe ij cM+k vt+kc ukft+y gksdj jgrk rks ¼[k+Sj tks gqvk lks gqvk½ vc rqeus tks eky x+uher gkfly fd;k gS mls [kkvks ¼vkSj rqEgkjs fy,½ gyky r¸;c gS vkSj [k+qnk ls Mjrs jgks cs’kd [k+qnk cM+k c[+’kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼69½
,s jlwy tks dS+nh rqEgkjs dCts+ esa gS muls dg nks fd vxj rqEgkjs fnyksa esa usdh ns[ksxk rks tks ¼eky½ rqe ls Nhu fy;k x;k gS mlls dgha csgrj rqEgsa vrk Qjek,xk vkSj rqEgsa c[+’k Hkh nsxk vkSj [k+qnk rks cM+k c[+’kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼70½
vkSj vxj ;s yksx rqels Qjsc djuk pkgrs gS rks [+k+qnk ls igys gh Qjsc dj pqds gSa rks ¼mldh lt+k esa½ [+k+qnk us mu ij rqEgsa d+kcw ns fn;k vkSj [+k+qnk rks cM+k okfd+Qdkj fgder okyk gS ¼71½
ftu yksxksa us bZeku d++qcwy fd;k vkSj fgtjr dh vkSj vius vius tku eky ls [k+qnk dh jkg esa ftgkn fd;k vkSj ftu yksxksa us ¼fgtjr djus okyksa dks txg nh vkSj gj ¼rjg½ mudh [k+cj xhjh ¼enn½ dh ;gh yksx ,d nwljs ds ¼ckge½ ljijLr nksLr gSa vkSj ftu yskxksa us bZeku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj fgtjr ugha dh rks rqe yksxksa dks mudh ljijLrh ls dqN ljksdkj ugha&;gk¡ rd fd og fgtjr ,[+fr;kj djsa vkSj ¼gkW½ exj nhuh vez esa rqe ls enn ds [+okgkW gks rks rqe ij ¼mudh enn djuk ykft+e o okftc gS exj mu yksxksa ds eqd+kcys esa ¼ugha½ ftuesa vkSj rqeesa ckge ¼lqyg dk½ ,gnks iSeku gS vkSj tks dqN rqe djrs gks [k+qnk ¼lcdks½ ns[k jgk gS ¼72½
vkSj tks yksx dkfQ+j gSa og Hkh ¼ckge½ ,d nwljs ds ljijLr gSa vxj rqe ¼bl rjg½ ok;nk u djksxs rks :, t+ehu ij fQ+ruk ¼Q+lkn½ cjik gks tk,xk vkSj cM+k Q+lkn gksxk ¼73½
vkSj ftu yksxksa us bZeku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj fgtjr dh vkSj [+k+qnk dh jkg esa yM+s fHkM+s vkSj ftu yksxksa us ¼,sls ukt+qd oD+r esa eqgkftjhu dks txg gh vkSj mudh gj rjg [+kcjxhjh ¼enn½ dh ;gh yksx lPps bZekunkj gSa mUgha ds okLrs ex+fQjr vkSj bT+t+r o vkc# okyh jkst+h gS ¼74½
vkSj ftu yksxksa us ¼lqyg gqnSfc;k ds½ ckn bZeku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj fgtjr dh vkSj rqEgkjs lkFk feydj ftgkn fd;k og yksx Hkh rqEgha esa ls gSa vkSj lkgckus d+jkcr [+k+qnk dh fdrkc esa ckge ,d nwljs ds ¼cfuLcr vkSjksa ds½ T+;knk gd+nkj gSa cs’kd [+k+qnk gj pht+ ls [k+wc okfd+Q gSa ¼75½

lwj, vuQ+ky [k+Re