lwj, vy ek,ng ¼[+oku½
lwj, vy ek,ng ¼[k+oku½ enhuk esa ukft+y gqvk vkSj bldh ,d lkS chl vk;rs gSa
¼eSa½ ml [+kqnk ds uke ls ¼’kq: djrk gWw½ tks cM+k esgjcku jge okyk gS
,s bZekunkjksa ¼vius½ bd+jkjksa dks iwjk djks ¼ns[kks½ rqEgkjs okLrs pkSik, tkuoj gyky dj fn;s x;s mu ds flok tks rqedks Ik<+ dj lquk, tk,Wxs gyky dj fn, x, exj tc rqe gkyrs ,gjke esa gks rks f’kdkj dks gyky u le>uk cs’kd [+kqnk tks pkgrk gS gqDe nsrk gS ¼1½
,s bZekunkjksa ¼ns[kks½ u [+kqnk dh fu’kkfu;ksa dh csrkSd+hjh djks vkSj u gqjer okys efgus dh vkSj u d+qjckuh dh vkSj u iV~Vs okys tkuojksa dh ¼tks ut+js [+kqnk ds fy, fu’kku nsdj feuk esa ys tkrs gSa½ vkSj u [+kkuk, dkck dh rokQ+ ¼o ft+;kjr½ dk d+Ln djus okyksa dh tks vius ijojfnxkj dh [+kq’kuwnh vkSj Q+t+y ¼o dje½ ds tks;k¡ gSa vkSj tc rqe ¼,gjke½ [kksy nks rks f’kdkj dj ldrs gks vkSj fdlh d+chys dh ;g vnkor fd rqEgsa mu yksxksa us [+kkuk, dkck ¼esa tkus½ ls jksdk Fkk bl tqeZ esa u QWlok ns fd rqe muij T+;knrh djus yxks vkSj ¼rqEgkjk rks Q+tZ ;g gS fd ½ usdh vkSj ijgst+xkjh esa ,d nwljs dh enn fd;k djks vkSj xqukg vkSj T+;knrh esa ckge fdlh dh enn u djks vkSj [+kqnk ls Mjrs jgks ¼D;ksafd½ [+kqnk rks ;d+huu cM+k l[+r vt+kc okyk gS ¼2½
¼yksxksa½ ejk gqvk tkuoj vkSj [+kwu vkSj lqvj dk xks”r vkSj ftl ¼tkuoj½ ij ¼ft+ckg½ ds oD+r [+kqnk ds flok fdlh nwljs dk uke fy;k tk, vkSj xnZu ejksM+k gqvk vkSj pksV [kkdj ejk gqvk vkSj tks dq,W ¼oxS+jg½ esa fxjdj ej tk, vkSj tks lhax ls ekj Mkyk x;k gks vkSj ftldks nfjUns us QkM+ [kk;k gks exj ftls rqeus ejus ds d+Cy ft+ckg dj yks vkSj ¼tks tkuoj½ cqrksa ¼ds Fkku½ ij p<+k dj ft+ckg fd;k tk, vkSj ftls rqe ¼ik¡ls½ ds rhjksa ls ckge fgLlk ckWVks ¼x+jt+ ;g lc pht+sa½ rqe ij gjke dh x;h gSa ;s xqukg dh ckr gS ¼eqlyekuksa½ vc rks dq¶+Q+kj rqEgkjs nhu ls ¼fQj tkus ls½ ek;wl gks x, rks rqe muls rks Mjks gh ugha cfYd flQZ eq>h ls Mjks vkt eSaus rqEgkjs nhu dks dkfey dj fn;k vkSj rqeij viuh usver iwjh dj nh vkSj rqEgkjs ¼bl½ nhus bLyke dks ilUn fd;k il tks 'k[+l Hkw[+k esa etcwj gks tk, vkSj xqukg dh rjQ+ ek,y Hkh u gks ¼vkSj dksbZ pht+ [kk ys½ rks [+kqnk cs’kd cM+k c['kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼3½
¼,s jlwy½ rqels yksx iwWNrs gSa fd dkSu ¼dkSu½ pht+ muds fy, gyky dh x;h gS rqe ¼muls½ dg nks fd rqEgkjs fy, ikdht+k phtsa+ gyky dh x;ha vkSj f'kdkjh tkuoj tks rqeus f'kdkj ds fy, l/kk j[ksa gS vkSj tks ¼rjhds+½ [+kqnk us rqEgsa crk;ss gSa muesa ds dqN rqeus mu tkuojksa dks Hkh fl[kk;k gks rks ;s f'kdkjh tkuoj ftl f'kdkj dks rqEgkjs fy, idM+ j[ksa mldks ¼csrkEeqy½ [kkvks vkSj ¼tkuoj dks NksaM+rs oD+r½ [+kqnk dk uke ys fy;k djks vkSj [+kqnk ls Mjrs jgks ¼D;ksafd½ blesa rks 'kd gh ugha fd [+kqnk cgqr tYn fglkc ysus okyk gS ¼4½
vkt reke ikdht+k phtsa+ rqEgkjs fy, gyky dj nh x;h gSa vkSj ,gys fdrkc dh [+kq'd phts+a xsgwW ¼oxSjg½ rqEgkjs fy, gyky gSa vkSj rqEgkjh [+kq'd phtsa+ xsgWw ¼oxSjg½ muds fy, gyky gSa vkSj vkt+kn ikd nkeu vkSjrsa vkSj mu yksxksa esa dh vkt+kn ikd nkeu vkSjrsa ftudks rqels igys fdrkc nh tk pqdh gS tc rqe mudks muds esgj ns nks ¼vkSj½ ikd nkfeuh dk bjknk djks u rks [kqYye [kqYyk ft+ukdkjh dk vkSj u pksjh fNis ls vk'kukbZ dk vkSj ftl 'k[+l us bZeku ls bUdkj fd;k rks mldk lc fd;k ¼/kjk½ vdkjr gks x;k vkSj ¼rqYQ+ rks ;s gS fd½ vk[+ksjr esa Hkh ogh ?kkVs esa jgsxk ¼5½
,s bekunkjksa tc rqe uekt+ ds fy;s vkeknk gks rks vius eqWg vkSj dksgfu;ksa rd gkFk /kks fy;k djks vkSj vius ljksa dk vkSj V[kuksa rd ikWoksa dk elkg dj fy;k djks vkSj vxj rqe gkyrs tukcr esa gks rks rqe rgkjr ¼x+qLy½ dj yks ¼gkW½ vkSj vxj rqe chekj gks ;k lQ+j esa gks ;k rqeesa ls fdlh dks iS[k+kuk fudy vk, ;k vkSjrksa ls gefcLrjh dh gks vkSj rqedks ikuh u fey lds rks ikd [+kkd ls rSewe dj yks ;kfu ¼nksuksa gkFk ekjdj½ mlls vius eqWg vkSj vius gkFkksa dk elk dj yks ¼ns[kks rks [+kqnk us dSlh vklkuh dj nh½ [+kqnk rks ;s pkgrk gh ugha fd rqe ij fdlh rjg dh raxh djs cfYd oks ;s pkgrk gS fd ikd o ikdht+k dj ns vkSj rqeij viuh usvers iwjh dj ns rkfd rqe 'kqØxqt+kj cu tkvks ¼6½
vkSj tks ,glkukr [+kqnk us rqeij fd, gSa mudks vkSj ml ¼,gn o iSeku½ dks ;kn djks ftldk rqels iDdk bd+jkj ys pqdk gS tc rqeus dgk Fkk fd geus ¼,gdkes [+kqnk dks½ lquk vkSj fny ls eku fy;k vkSj [+kqnk ls Mjrs jgks D;ksafd blesa t+jk Hkh 'kd ugha fd [+kqnk fnyksa ds jkt+ ls Hkh ck[+kcj gS ¼7½
,s bZekunkjksa [+kqnk ¼dh [+kq'kuwnh½ ds fy, bUlkQ+ ds lkFk xokgh nsus ds fy, rS;kj jgks vkSj rqEgsa fdlh d+chys dh vnkor bl tqeZ esa u QWlok ns fd rqe ukbUlkQh djus yxks ¼[+kcjnkj cfYd½ rqe ¼gj gky esa½ bUlkQ+ djks ;gh ijgst+xkjh ls cgqr d+jhc gS vkSj [+kqnk ls Mjks D;ksafd tks dqN rqe djrs gks ¼vPNk ;k cqjk½ [+kqnk mls t+:j tkurk gS ¼8½
vkSj ftu yksxksa us bZeku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, [+kqnk us ok;nk fd;k gS fd muds fy, ¼vkf[+kjr esa½ ex+Qs+jr vkSj cM+k lokc gS ¼9½
vkSj ftu yksxksa us dqÝ+ b[+rs;kj fd;k vkSj gekjh vk;rksa dks >qByk;k og tgUuqeh gSa ¼¼10½
,s bekunkjksa [+kqnk us tks ,glkukr rqeij fd, gSa mudks ;kn djks vkSj [+kwlwlu tc ,d d+chys us rqe ij nLr njkt+h dk bjknk fd;k Fkk rks [+kqnk us muds gkFkksa dks rqe rd igqWpus ls jksd fn;k vkSj [+kqnk ls Mjrs jgks vkSj eksfeuhu dks [+kqnk gh ij Hkjkslk j[kuk pkfg, ¼11½
vkSj blesa Hkh 'kd ugha fd [+kqnk us cuh bljkbZy ls ¼Hkh bZeku dk½ ,gn o iSeku ys fy;k Fkk vkSj ge ¼[+kqnk½ us buesa ds ckjg ljnkj muij eqd+jZj fd, vkSj [+kqnk us cuh bljkbZy ls Q+jek;k Fkk fd eSa rks ;d+huu rqEgkjs lkFk gWw vxj rqe Hkh ikcUnh ls uekt+ Ik<+rs vkSj t+dkr nsrs jgks vkSj gekjs iSx+Ecjksa ij bZeku ykvks vkSj mudh enn djrs jgks vkSj [+kqnk ¼dh [+kq'kuwnh ds okLrs yksxksa dks½ d+tsZ gluk nsrs jgks rks eSa Hkh rqEgkjs xqukg rqels t+:j nwj d:axk vkSj rqedks csfg'r ds mu ¼gjs Hkjs ½ ckx+ksa esa tk igqWpkÅWxk ftuds ¼nj[+rksa ds½ uhps ugjsa tkjh gSa fQj rqeesa ls tks 'k[+l blds ckn Hkh bUdkj djs rks ;d+huu og jkgs jkLr ls HkVd x;k ¼12½
il geus mudhs ,gn f'kduh dh otg ls muij ykur dh vkSj muds fnyksa dks ¼xks;k½ geus [+kqn l[+r cuk fn;k fd ¼gekjs½ dyekr dks muds vlyh ek;uksa ls cny dj nwljs ek;uks esa bLrseky djrs gSa vkSj ftu ftu ckrksa dh mUgsa ulhgr dh x;h Fkh muesa ls ,d cM+k fgLlk Hkqyk cSBs vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ vc rks muesa ls pUn vknfe;ksa ds flok ,d u ,d dh [+;kur ij cjkcj eqRrsyk gksrs jgrs gks rks rqe mu ¼ds d+lwj½ dks ekQ+ dj nks vkSj ¼muls½ njxqt+j djks ¼D;ksafd½ [+kqnk ,glku djus okyksa dks t+:j nksLr j[krk gS ¼13½
vkSj tks yksx dgrs gSa fd ge uljkuh gSa muls ¼Hkh½ geus beku dk ,gn ¼o iSeku½ fy;k Fkk exj tc ftu ftu ckrksa dh mUgsa ulhgr dh x;h Fkh muesa ls ,d cM+k fgLlk ¼fjlkyr½ Hkqyk cSBs rks geus Hkh ¼mldh lt+k esa½ d+;ker rd muesa ckge vnkor o nq'keuh dh cqfu;kn Mky nh vkSj [+kqnk mUgsa cgqr tYn ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ crk nsxk fd og D;k D;k djrs Fks ¼14½
,s ,gys fdrkc rqEgkjs ikl gekjk iSxEcj ¼eksgEen l0½ vk pqdk tks fdrkcs [+kqnk dh mu ckrksa esa ls ftUgsa rqe Nqik;k djrs Fks cgqrsjh rks lkQ+ lkQ+ c;ku dj nsxk vkSj cgqrsjh ls ¼venu½ njxqt+j djsxk rqEgjs ikl rks [+kqnk dh rjQ+ ls ,d ¼pedrk gqvk½ uwj vkSj lkQ+ lkQ+ c;ku djus okyh fdrkc ¼dq+jku½ vk pqdh gS ¼15½
tks yksx [+kqnk dh [+kq'kuwnh ds ikcUn gSa mudks rks mlds t+fj, ls jkgs futkr dh fgnk;r djrk gS vkSj vius gqDe ls ¼dqÝ+ dh½ rkjhdh ls fudkydj ¼bZeku dh½ jkS'kuh esa ykrk gS vkSj jkgs jkLr ij igqWpk nsrk gS ¼16½
tks yksx mlds d+k;y gSa fd efj;e ds csVs elhg cl [+kqnk gSa og t+:j dkfQ+j gks x, ¼,s jlwy½ muls iwWNks rks fd Hkyk vxj [+kqnk efj;e ds csVs elhg vkSj mudh ekW dks vkSj ftrus yksx t+ehu esa gSa lcdks ekj Mkyuk pkgs rks dkSu ,slk gS ftldk [+kqnk ls Hkh t+ksj pys ¼vkSj jksd ns½ vkSj lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu esa vkSj tks dqN Hkh muds njfE;ku esa gS lc [+kqnk gh dh lYrur gS tks pkgrk gS iSnk djrk gS vkSj [+kqnk rks gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼17½
vkSj uljkuh vkSj ;gwnh rks dgrs gSa fd ge gh [+kqnk ds csVs vkSj mlds pgsrs gSa ¼,s jlwy½ muls rqe dg nks ¼fd vxj ,slk gS½ rks fQj rqEgsa rqEgkjs xqukgksa dh lt+k D;ksa nsrk gS ¼rqEgkjk [+;ky yx+ks gS½ cfYd rqe Hkh mldh e[+kywd+kr ls ,d c'kj gks [+kqnk ftls pkgsxk c[+k nsxk vkSj ftldks pkgsxk lt+k nsxk vkleku vkSj t+ehu vkSj tks dqN mu nksuksa ds njfE;ku esa gS lc [+kqnk gh dk eqYd gS vkSj lcdks mlh dh rjQ+ ykSV dj tkuk gS ¼18½
,s ,gys fdrkc tc iSx+Ecjksa dh vken esa cgqr :dkoV gq;h rks gekjk jlwy rqEgkjs ikl vk;k tks ,gdkes [+kqnk dks lkQ+ lkQ+ c;ku djrk gS rkfd rqe dgha ;s u dg cSBks fd gekjs ikl rks u dksbZ [+kq'k[+kcjh nsus okyk ¼iSx+Ecj½ vk;k u ¼vt+kc ls½ Mjkus okyk vc rks ¼;s ugha dg ldrs D;ksafd½ ;d+huu rqEgkjs ikl [+kq'k[+kcjh nsus okyk vkSj Mjkus okyk iSx+Ecj vk x;k vkSj [+kqnk gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼19½
,s jlwy mudks og oD+r ;kn ¼fnykvks½ tc ewlk us viuh d+kSe ls dgk Fkk fd ,s esjh d+kSe tks usvers [+kqnk us rqedks nh gS mldks ;kn djks blfy, fd mlus rqEgha yksxksa ls cgqrsjs iSx+Ecj cuk, vkSj rqe gh yksxksa dks ckn'kkg ¼Hkh½ cuk;k vkSj rqEgsa og usversa nh gSa tks lkjh [+kqnk;h esa fdlh ,d dks u nha ¼20½
,s esjh d+kSe ¼'kke½ dh ml eqd+n~nl t+ehu esa tkvks tgkW [+kqnk us rqEgkjh rd+nhj esa ¼gqdwer½ fy[k nh gS vkSj nq'keu ds eqd+kcys ihB u Qsjks ¼D;ksafd½ blesa rks rqe [+kqn myVk ?kkVk mBkvksxs ¼21½
og yksx dgus yxs fd ,s ewlk bl eqYd essa rks cM+s t+cjnLr ¼ljd'k½ yksx jgrs gSa vkSj tc rd og yksx blesa ls fudy u tk,W ge rks mlesa dHkh ikWo Hkh u j[ksaxs gkW vxj og yksx [+kqn blesa ls fudy tk,W rks vycRrk ge t+:j tk,Wxs ¼22½
¼exj½ og vkneh ¼;w'kk dkfyc½ tks [+kqnk dk [+kkSQ+ j[krs Fks vkSj ftuij [+kqnk us [k+kl viuk Q+t+y ¼dje½ fd;k Fkk cs/kM+d cksy mBs fd ¼vjs½ muij geyk djds ¼cSrqy eqd+nl ds QkVd esa rks ?kql iM+ks fQj ns[kks rks ;g ,sls cksns gSa fd½ b/kj rqe QkVd esa ?kqls vkSj ¼;s lc Hkkx [kM+s gq, vkSj½ rqEgkjh thr gks x;h vkSj vxj lPps bZekunkj gks rks [+kqnk gh ij Hkjkslk j[kks ¼23½
og dgus yxs ,d ewlk ¼pkgs tks dqN gks½ tc rd og yksx blesa gSa ge rks mlesa gjfxt+ ¼yk[k cjl½ ikWo u j[kasxs gkW rqe tkvks vkSj rqEgkjk [+kqnk tk, vksj nksuksa ¼tkdj½ yM+ks ge rks ;gha tes cSBs gSa ¼24½
rc ewlk us vt+Z dh [+kqnkoUnk rw [+kwc okfd+Q+ gS fd viuh t+krs [+kkl vkSj vius HkkbZ ds flok fdlh ij esjk d+kcw ugha cl vc gekjs vkSj mu ukQ+jeku yksxksa ds njfe;ku tqnkbZ Mky ns ¼25½
gekjk mudk lkFk ugha gks ldrk ¼[+kqnk us Q+jek;k½ ¼vPNk½ rks mudh lt+k ;g gS fd mudks pkyhl cjl rd dh gqdwer ulhc u gksxk ¼vkSj ml eqn~nrs njkt+ rd½ ;g yksx ¼felz ds½ taxy esa ljxjnkW jgsaxs rks fQj rqe bu cnpyu cUnksa ij vQ+lksl u djuk ¼26½
¼,s jlwy½ rqe bu yksxksa ls vkne ds nks csVksa ¼gkchy] d+kchy½ dk lPpk d+Ln c;ku dj nks fd tc mu nksuksa us [+kqnk dh njxkg esa fu;kt+sa p<+kbZ rks ¼muesa ls½ ,d ¼gkchy½ dh ¼ut+j rks½ d+qcwy gq;h vkSj nwljs ¼d+kchy½ dh ut+j u d+qcwy gq;h rks ¼ekjs gln ds½ gkchy ls dgus yxk eSa rks rq>s t+:j ekj Mkywaaaaaxk mlus tokc fn;k fd ¼HkkbZ blesa viuk D;k cl gS½ [+kqnk rks flQZ ijgst+xkjksa dh ut+j dq+cwy djrk gS ¼27½
vxj rqe esjs d+Ry ds bjkns ls esjh rjQ+ viuk gkFk c<+kvksxs ¼rks [+kSj c<+kvks½ ¼exj½ eSa rks rqEgkjs d+Ry ds [+;ky ls viuk gkFk c<+kus okyk ugha ¼D;ksafd½ eSa rks ml [+kqnk ls tks lkjs tgkWu dk ikyus okyk gS t+:j Mjrk gWw ¼28½
eSa rks t+:j ;s pkgrk gWw fd esjs xqukg vkSj rsjs xqukg nksuksa rsjs lj gks tkW, rks rw ¼vPNk [+kklk½ tgUuqeh cu tk, vkSj t+kfyeksa dh rks ;gh lt+k gS ¼29½
fQj rks mlds u¶+l us vius HkkbZ ds d+Ry ij mls HkM+dk gh fn;k vkf[k+j ml ¼dEc[+r us½ mldks ekj gh Mkyk rks ?kkVk mBkus okyksa esa ls gks x;k ¼30½
¼rc mls fQ+Ø gq;h fd yk'k dks D;k djs½ rks [+kqnk us ,d dkSos dks Hkstk fd og t+ehu dks dqjsnus yxk rkfd mls ¼d+kchy½ dks fn[kk ns fd mls vius HkkbZ dh yk'k D;ksadj Nqikuh pkfg, ¼;s ns[kdj½ og dgus yxk gk, vQ+lksl D;k eSa ml ls Hkh vkftt+ gWw fd ml dkSos dh cjkcjh dj ldWw fd ¼cyk ls ;g Hkh gksrk½ rks vius HkkbZ dh yk'k Nqik nsrk vyxjt+ og ¼viuh gjdr ls½ cgqr iNrk;k ¼31½
blh lcc ls rks geus cuh bljkbZy ij okftc dj fn;k Fkk fd tks “'k[+l fdlh dks u tku ds cnys esa vkSj u eqYd esa Q+lkn QSykus dh lt+k esa ¼cfYd ukgd+½ d+Ry dj Mkysxk rks xks;k mlus lc yksxksa dks d+Ry dj Mkyk vkSj ftlus ,d vkneh dks ftyk fn;k rks xks;k mlus lc yksxksa dks ftyk fy;k vkSj mu ¼cuh bljkbZy½ ds ikl rks gekjs iSx+Ecj ¼dSls dSls½ jkS'ku ekSftt+s ysdj vk pqds gSa ¼exj½ fQj mlds ckn Hkh ;d+huu mlesa ls cgqrsjs t+ehu ij T+;knfr;kW djrs jgs ¼32½
tks yksx [+kqnk vkSj mlds jlwy ls yM+rs fHkM+rs gSa ¼vkSj ,gdke dks ugha ekurs½ vkSj Q+lkn QSykus dh x+jt+ ls eqYdks ¼eqYdks½ nkSM+rs fQjrs gSa mudh lt+k cl ;gh gS fd ¼pqu pqudj½ ;k rks ekj Mkys tk,W ;k mUgsa lwyh ns nh tk, ;k muds gkFk ikWo gsj Qsj dj ,d rjQ+ dk gkFk nwljh rjQ+ dk ikWo dkV Mkys tk,W ;k mUgsa ¼vius oru dh½ ljt+ehu ls 'kgj cnj dj fn;k tk, ;g :lokbZ rks mudh nqfu;k esa gq;h vkSj fQj vk[+ksjr esa rks muds fy, cgqr cM+k vt+kc gh gS ¼33½
exj ¼gkW½ ftu yksxksa us blls igys fd rqe buij d+kcw ikvks rkSck dj yhs rks mudk xqukg c[+'k fn;k tk,xk D;ksafd le> yks fd [+kqnk cs'kd cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼34½
,s bZekunkjksa [+kqnk ls Mjrs jgks vkSj mlds ¼rd+jZc ¿d+jhc gksusÀ ds½ t+fj;s dh tqLrtw esa jgks vkSj mldh jkg esa tsgkn djks rkfd rqe dke;kc gks tkvks ¼35½
blesa 'kd ugha fd ftu yksxksa us dqÝ+ b[+rs;kj fd;k vxj muds ikl t+ehu esa tks dqN ¼eky [k+t+kuk½ gS ¼og½ lc cfYd mruk vkSj Hkh mlds lkFk gks fd jkst+s d+;ker ds vt+kc dk eqvkost+k ns ns ¼vkSj [+kqn cp tk,½ rc Hkh ¼mldk ;s eqvkost+k½ dq+cwy u fd;k tk,xk vkSj muds fy, nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼36½
og yksx rks pkgsaxs fd fdlh rjg tgUuqe dh vkx ls fudy Hkkxs exj ogkW ls rks og fudy gh ugha ldrs vkSj muds fy, rks nk,eh vt+kc gS ¼37½
vkSj pksj [+okg enZ gks ;k vkSjr rqe muds djrwr dh lt+k esa mudk ¼nkfguk½ gkFk dkV Mkyks ;s ¼mudh lt+k½ [+kqnk dh rjQ+ ls gS vkSj [+kqnk ¼rks½ cM+k t+cjnLr fgder okyk gS ¼38½
gkW tks vius xqukg ds ckn rkSck dj ys vkSj vius pky pyu nq:Lr dj ysa rks cs'kd [+kqnk Hkh rkSck dq+cwy dj ysrk gS D;ksafd [+kqnk rks cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼39½
,s 'k[+l D;k rw ugha tkurk fd lkjs vkleku o t+ehu ¼x+jt+ nqfu;k tgku½ esa [+kkl [+kqnk dh gqdwer gS ftls pkgs vt+kc djs vkSj ftls pkgs ekQ+ dj ns vkSj [+kqnk rks gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼40½
,s jlwy tks yksx dqÝ+ dh rjQ+ yid ds pys tkrs gSa rqe mudk x+e u [kkvks muesa ckt+ rks ,sls gSa fd vius eqWg ls cs rdYyqQ+ dg nsrs gSa fd ge bZeku yk, gkykWfd muds fny csbZeku gSa vkSj ckt+ ;gwnh ,sls gSa fd ¼tklwlh dh x+jt+ ls½ >wBh ckrsa cgqr ¼'kkSd ls½ lqurs gSa rkfd dq¶+Q+kj ds nwljs fxjksg dks tks ¼vHkh rd½ rqEgkjs ikl ugha vk, gSa lquk,W ;s yksx ¼rkSjSr ds½ vYQ+kt+ dh muds vlyh ek;us ¼ekywe gksus½ ds ckn Hkh rgjhQ+ djrs gSa ¼vkSj yksxksa ls½ dgrs gSa fd ¼;s rkSjSr dk gqDe gS½ vxj eksgEen dh rjQ+ ls ¼Hkh½ rqEgsa ;gh gqDe fn;k tk; rks mls eku ysuk vkSj vxj ;g gqDe rqedks u fn;k tk, rks mlls vyx gh jguk vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ ftldks [+kqnk [+kjkc djuk pkgrk gS rks mlds okLrs [+kqnk ls rqEgkjk dqN t+ksj ugha py ldrk ;g yksx rks ogh gSa ftuds fnyksa dks [+kqnk us ¼xqukgksa ls½ ikd djus dk bjknk gh ugha fd;k ¼cfYd½ muds fy, rks nqfu;k esa Hkh :lokbZ gS vkSj vk[+ksjr esa Hkh ¼muds fy,½ cM+k ¼Hkkjh½ vt+kc gksxk ¼41½
;s ¼dEc[+r½ >wBh ckrksa dks cM+s 'kkSd+ ls lquus okys vkSj cM+s gh gjke[k+ksj gSa rks ¼,s jlwy½ vxj ;s yksx rqEgkjs ikl ¼dksbZ ekeyk ysdj½ vk, rks rqedks b[+rs;kj gS [+okg muds njfE;ku QS+lyk dj nks ;k muls fdukjkd'kh djks vkSj vxj rqe fdukjkd'k jgksxs rks ¼dqN [+;ky u djks½ ;s yksx rqEgkjk gjfxt+ dqN fcxkM+ ugha ldrs vkSj vxj muesa QS+lyk djks rks bUlkQ+ ls QS+lyk djks D;ksafd [+kqnk bUlkQ+ djus okyksa dks nksLr j[krk gS ¼42½
vkSj tc [+kqn muds ikl rkSjsr gS vkSj mlesa [+kqnk dk gqDe ¼ekStwn½ gS rks fQj rqEgkjs ikl QSlyk djkus dks D;ksa vkrs gSa vkSj ¼yqRQ+ rks ;s gS fd½ blds ckn fQj ¼rqEgkjs gqDe ls½ fQj tkrs gSa vksj lp rks ;g gS fd ;g yksx bZekunkj gh ugha gSa ¼43½
cs'kd ge us rkSjsr ukft+y dh ftlesa ¼yksxksa dh½ fgnk;r vkSj uwj ¼bZeku½ gS mlh ds eqrkfcd+ [+kqnk ds Q+jekcjnkj cUns ¼vfEc;k, cuh bljkbZy½ ;gwfn;ksa dks gqDe nsrs jgs vkSj vYykg okys vkSj mysek, ¼;gwn½ Hkh fdrkcs [+kqnk ls ¼gqDe nsrs Fks½ ftlds og eqgkfQ+t+ cuk, x, Fks vkSj og mlds xokg Hkh Fks il ¼,s eqlyekuksa½ rqe yksxksa ls ¼t+jk Hkh½ u Mjks ¼cfYd½ eq> gh ls Mjks vkSj esjh vk;rksa ds cnys esa ¼nqfu;k dh nkSyr tks nj gd+hd+r cgqr FkksM+h d+her gS½ u yks vkSj ¼le> yks fd½ tks “'k[+l [+kqnk dh ukft+y dh gq;h ¼fdrkc½ ds eqrkfcd+ gqDe u ns rks ,sls gh yksx dkfQ+j gSa ¼44½
vkSj ge us rkSjsr esa ;gwfn;ksa ij ;g gqDe QtZ+ dj fn;k Fkk fd tku ds cnys tku vkSj vkW[k ds cnys vkW[k vkSj ukd ds cnys ukd vkSj dku ds cnys dku vkSj nkWr ds cnys nkWr vkSj t[+e ds cnys ¼oSlk gh½ cjkcj dk cnyk ¼t[+e½ gS fQj tks ¼et+ywe t+kfye dh½ [+krk ekQ+ dj ns rks ;s mlds xqukgksa dk d¶+Q+kjk gks tk,xk vkSj tks 'k[+l [+kqnk dh ukft+y dh gq;h ¼fdrkc½ ds eqokfQ+d+ gqDe u ns rks ,sls gh yksx t+kfye gSa ¼45½
vkSj ge us mUgha iSx+Ecjksa ds d+ne c d+ne efj;e ds csVs bZlk dks pyk;k vkSj og bl fdrkc rkSjSr dh Hkh rLnhd+ djrs Fks tks muds lkeus ¼igys ls½ ekStwn Fkh vkSj geus mudks bUthy ¼Hkh½ vrk dh ftlesa ¼yksxksa ds fy, gj rjg dh½ fgnk;r Fkh vkSj uwj ¼bZeku½ vkSj og bl fdrkc rkSjsr dh tks oD+rs uqt+wys bUthy ¼igys ls½ ekStwn Fkh rlnhd+ djus okyh vkSj ijgst+xkjksa dh fgnk;r o ulhgr Fkh ¼46½

vkSj bUthy okyksa ¼ulkjk½ dks tks dqN [+kqnk us ¼mlesa½ ukft+y fd;k gS mlds eqrkfcd+ gqDe djuk pkfg, vkSj tks 'k[+l [+kqnk dh ukft+y dh gq;h ¼fdrkc ds eqvkfQ+d½ gqDe u ns rks ,sls gh yksx cndkj gSa ¼47½
vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ geus rqe ij Hkh cjgd+ fdrkc ukft+y dh tks fdrkc ¼mlds igys ls½ mlds oD+r esa ekStwn gS mldh rlnhd+ djrh gS vkSj mldh fuxsgcku ¼Hkh½ gS tks dqN rqe ij [+kqnk us ukft+y fd;k gS mlh ds eqrkfcd+ rqe Hkh gqDe nks vkSj tks gd+ ckr [+kqnk dh rjQ+ ls vk pqdh gS mlls drjk ds mu yksxksa dh [+okfg'ks uQ+fl;kuh dh iSjoh u djks vkSj geus rqe esa gj ,d ds okLrs ¼gLcs elysgrs oD+r½ ,d ,d 'kjh;r vkSj [+kkl rjhd+s ij eqd+jZj dj fn;k vkSj vxj [+kqnk pkgrk rks rqe lc ds lc dks ,d gh ¼'kjh;r dh½ mEer cuk nsrk exj ¼eq[+krfyQ+ 'kjh;rksa ls½ [+kqnk dk eryc ;g Fkk fd tks dqN rqEgsa fn;k gS mlesa rqEgkjk bersgku djs cl rqe usdh esa yid dj vkxs c<+ tkvks vkSj ¼;d+hu tkuks fd½ rqe lc dks [+kqnk gh dh rjQ+ ykSV dj tkuk gS ¼48½
rc ¼ml oD+r½ ftu ckrksa esa rqe b[+rsykQ+ djrs og rqEgsa crk nsxk vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ ge fQj dgrs gSa fd tks ,gdke [+kqnk ukft+y fd, gSa rqe mlds eqrkfcd+ QS+lyk djks vkSj mudh ¼cstk½ [+okfg'ks uQ+fl;kuh dh iSjoh u djks ¼cfYd½ rqe muls cps jgks ¼,slk u gks½ fd fdlh gqDe ls tks [+kqnk us rqe ij ukft+y fd;k gS rqedks ;s yksx HkVdk nsa fQj vxj ;s yksx rqEgkjs gqDe ls eqWg eksM+sa rks le> yks fd ¼xks;k½ [+kqnk gh dh ejt+h gS fd muds ckt+ xqukgksa dh otg ls mUgsa eqlhcr esa QWlk ns vkSj blesa rks 'kd gh ugha fd cgqrsjs yksx cnpyu gSa ¼49½
D;k ;s yksx ¼t+ekuk,½ tkfgyh;r ds gqDe dh ¼rqels Hkh½ reUuk j[krs gSa gkykWfd ;d+hu djus okys yksxksa ds okLrs gqDes [+kqnk ls csgrj dkSu gksxk ¼50½
,s bZekunkjksa ;gwfn;ksa vkSj uljkfu;ksa dks viuk ljijLr u cukvks ¼D;ksafd½ ;s yksx ¼rqEgkjs eq[+kkfyQ+ gSa exj½ ckge ,d nwljs ds nksLr gSa vkSj ¼;kn jgs fd½ rqeesa ls ftlus mudks viuk ljijLr cuk;k il fQj og Hkh mUgha yksxksa esa ls gks x;k cs'kd [+kqnk t+kfye yksxksa dks jkgs jkLr ij ugha ykrk ¼51½
rks ¼,s jlwy½ ftu yksxksa ds fnyksa esa ¼usQ+kd+ dh½ chekjh gS rqe mUgsa ns[kksxs fd muesa nkSM+ nkSM+ ds feys tkrs gSa vkSj rqels mldh otg ;g c;ku djrs gSa fd ge rks blls Mjrs gSa fd dgha ,slk u gks muds u ¼feyus ls½ t+ekus dh xfnZ'k esa u eqfCryk gks tk,W rks vud+jhc gh [+kqnk ¼eqlyekuksa dh½ Q+rsg ;k dksbZ vkSj ckr viuh rjQ+ ls t+kfgj dj nsxk rc ;g yksx bl cnxqekuh ij tks vius th esa fNikrs Fks 'kekZ,axs ¼¼52½
vkSj eksfeuhu ¼tc mu ij usQ+kd+ t+kfgj gks tk,xk rks½ dgasxs D;k ;s ogh yksx gSa tks l[+r ls l[+r d+lesa [kkdj ¼gels½ dgrs Fks fd ge t+:j rqEgkjs lkFk gSa mudk lkjk fd;k /kjk vdkjr gqvk vkSj l[+r ?kkVs esa vk x, ¼53½

,s bZekunkjksa rqeesa ls tks dksbZ vius nhu ls fQj tk,xk rks ¼dqN ijokg ugha fQj tk,½ vud+jhc gh [+kqnk ,sls yksxksa dks t+kfgj dj nsxk ftUgsa [+kqnk nksLr j[krk gksxk vkSj og mldks nksLr j[krs gksaxs bZekunkjksa ds lkFk ueZ vkSj eqfUdj ¼vkSj½ dkfQ+jksa ds lkFk l[+r [+kqnk dh jkg esa tsgkn djsaxs vkSj fdlh eyker djus okys dh eyker dh dqN ijokg u djaasxs ;s [+kqnk dk Q+t+y ¼o dje½ gS og ftls pkgrk gs nsrk gS vkSj [+kqnk rks cM+h xqUtkb'k okyk okfd+Q+dkj gS ¼54½
¼,s bZekunkjksa½ rqEgkjs ekfyd ljijLr rks cl ;gh gSa [+kqnk vkSj mldk jlwy vkSj og eksfeuhu tks ikcUnh ls uekt+ vnk djrs gSa vkSj gkyr :dwm esa t+dkr nsrs gSa ¼55½
vkSj ftl 'k[+l us [+kqnk vkSj jlwy vkSj ¼mUgha½ bZekunkjksa dks viuk ljijLr cuk;k rks ¼[+kqnk ds y'kdj esa vk x;k vkSj½ blesa rks 'kd ugha fd [+kqnk gh dk y'kdj oj ¿x+kfycÀ jgrk gS ¼56½
,s bZekunkjksa ftu yksxksa ¼;gwn o ulkjk½ dks rqe ls igys fdrkcs ¼[+kqnk rkSjsr] bUthy½ nh tk pqdh gS muesa ls ftu yksxksa us rqEgkjs nhu dks gWlh [ksy cuk j[kk gS mudks vkSj dq¶+Q+kj dks viuk ljijLr u cukvks vkSj vxj rqe lPps bZekunkj gks rks [+kqnk gh ls Mjrs jgks ¼57½
vkSj ¼mudh 'kjkjr ;gkW rd igqWph½ fd tc rqe ¼vt+ku nsdj½ uekt+ ds okLrs ¼yksxksa dks½ cqykrs gks ;s yksx uekt+ dks gWlh [ksy cukrs gSa ;s bl otg ls fd ¼yksx fcYdqy cs vD+y gSa½ vkSj dqN ugha le>rs ¼58½
¼,s jlwy ,gys fdrkc ls dgks fd½ vkf[+kj rqe gels blds flok vkSj D;k ,sc yxk ldrs gks fd ge [+kqnk ij vkSj tks ¼fdrkc½ gekjs ikl Hksth x;h gS vkSj tks gels igys Hksth x;h bZeku yk, gSa vkSj ;s rqeesa ds vDlj cndkj gSa ¼59½
¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eSa rqEgsa [+kqnk ds ut+nhd lt+k esa blls dgha cnrj ,sc crk nWw ¼vPNk yks lquks½ ftlij [+kqnk us ykur dh gks vkSj ml ij x+t+c <k;k gks vkSj muesa ls fdlh dks ¼el[+k djds½ cUnj vkSj ¼fdlh dks½ lwvj cuk fn;k gks vkSj ¼[+kqnk dks NksM+dj½ 'kSrku dh ijfLr'k dh gks il ;s yksx njts esa dgha cnrj vkSj jkgs jkLr ls HkVd ds lcls T+;knk nwj tk igqWps gSa ¼60½
vkSj ¼eqlyekuksa½ tc ;s yksx rqEgkjs ikl vk tkrs gSa rks dgrs gSa fd ge rks bZeku yk, gSa gkykWfd og dqÝ+ gh dks lkFk ysdj vk, vkSj fQj fudys Hkh rks lkFk fy, gq, vkSj tks usQ+kd+ og Nqik, gq, Fks [+kqnk mls [+kwc tkurk gS ¼61½
¼,s jlwy½ rqe muesa ls cgqrsjksa dks ns[kksxs fd xqukg vkSj ljd'kh vkSj gjke[+kksjh dh rjQ+ nkSM+ iM+rs gSa tks dke ;s yksx djrs Fks og ;d+huu cgqr cqjk gS ¼62½
mudks vYykg okys vkSj mysek >wB cksyus vkSj gjke[+kksjh ls D;ksa ugha jksdrs tks ¼njxqt+j½ ;s yksx djrs gSa ;d+huu cgqr gh cqjh gS ¼63½
vkSj ;gwnh dgus yxs fd [+kqnk dk gkFk cW/kk gqvk gS ¼c[+khy gks x;k½ mUgha ds gkFk ckW/k fn, tk,W vkSj muds ¼bl½ dgus ij ¼[+kqnk dh½ fQVdkj cjls ¼[+kqnk dk gkFk cW/kus D;ksa yxk½ cfYd mlds nksuksa gkFk dq'kknk gSa ftl rjg pkgrk gS [k+pZ djrk gS vkSj tks ¼fdrkc½ rqEgkjs ikl ukft+y dh x;h gS ¼mudk 'kd o gln½ muesa ls cgqrsjksa dks dqÝ+ o ljd'kh dks vkSj c<+k nsxk vkSj ¼xks;k½ geus [+kqn muds vkil esa jkst+s d+;ker rd vnkor vkSj dhus dh cqfu;kn Mky nh tc ;s yksx yM+kbZ dh vkx HkM+dkrs gSa rks [+kqnk mldks cq>k nsrk gS vkSj :, t+ehu esa Q+lkn Qsykus ds fy, nkSM+rs fQjrs gSa vkSj [+kqnk Q+lkfn;ksa dks nksLr ugha j[krk ¼64½
vkSj vxj ,gys fdrkc bZeku ykrs vkSj ¼gels½ Mjrs rks ge t+:j muds xqukgksa ls njxqt+j djrs vkSj mudks usver o vkjke ¼csfg'kr ds ckx+ksa esa½ igqWpk nsrs ¼65½
vkSj vxj ;g yksx rkSjSr vkSj bUthy vkSj ¼lghQ+s½ muds ikl muds ijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ ls ukft+y fd;s x, Fks ¼muds ,gdke dks½ d+k;e j[krs rks t+:j ¼muds½ Åij ls Hkh ¼fjt+d+ cjl iM+rk½ vkSj ikWoksa ds uhps ls Hkh mcy vkrk vkSj ¼;s [+kwc pSu ls½ [kkrs muesa ls dqN yksx rks ,rnky ij gSa ¼exj½ muesa ls cgqrsjs tks dqN djrs gSa cqjk gh djrs gSa ¼66½
,s jlwy tks gqDe rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ ls rqe ij ukft+y fd;k x;k gS igqWpk nks vkSj vxj rqeus ,slk u fd;k rks ¼le> yks fd½ rqeus mldk dksbZ iSx+ke gh ugha igqWpk;k vkSj ¼rqe Mjks ugha½ [+kqnk rqedks yksxksa ds “'kj ls egQ+wt+ j[ksxk [+kqnk gjfxt+ dkfQ+jksa dh d+kSe dks eaft+ys ed+lwn rd ugha igqWpkrk ¼67½
¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ,s ,gys fdrkc tc rd rqe rkSjsr vkSj bUthy vkSj tks ¼lghQ+s½ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ ls rqe ij ukft+y gq, gSa muds ¼,gdke½ dks d+k;e u j[kksxs ml oD+r rd rqEgkjk et+cg dqN Hkh ugha vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ tks ¼fdrkc½ rqEgkjs ikl rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ ls Hksth x;h gS ¼mldk½ j'd ¼gln½ muesa ls cgqrsjksa dh ljd'kh o dqÝ+ dks vkSj c<+k nsxk rqe dkfQ+jksa ds fxjksg ij vQ+lksl u djuk ¼68½
blesa rks 'kd gh ugha fd eqlyeku gks ;k ;gwnh gdhekuk [+;ky ds ikcUn gksa [+okg uljkuh ¼xjt+ dqN Hkh gks½ tks [+kqnk vkSj jkst+s d+;ker ij bZeku yk,xk vkSj vPNs ¼vPNs½ dke djsxk mu ij vycRrk u rks dksbZ [+kkSQ+ gksxk u og yksx vkt+qnkZ [+kkfrj gksaxs ¼69½
geus cuh bljkbZy ls ,gn o iSeku ys fy;k Fkk vkSj muds ikl cgqr jlwy Hkh Hksts Fks ¼bl ij Hkh½ tc muds ikl dksbZ jlwy mudh et+hZ ds f[+kykQ+ gqDe ysdj vk;k rks bu ¼dEc[+r½ yksxksa us fdlh dks >qByk fn;k vkSj fdlh dks d+Ry gh dj Mkyk ¼70½
vkSj le> fy;k fd ¼blesa gekjs fy,½ dksbZ [+kjkch u gksxh il ¼xks;k½ og yksx ¼vez gd+ ls½ va/ks vkSj cgjs cu x, ¼exj ckotwn bld½s tc bu yksxksa us rkSck dh rks fQj [+kqnk us mudh rkSck d+qcwy dj yh ¼exj½ fQj ¼bl ij Hkh½ muesa ls cgqrsjs va/ks vkSj cgjs cu x, vkSj tks dqN ;s yksx dj jgs gSa vYykg rks ns[krk gS ¼71½
tks yksx mlds d+k;y gSa fd efj;e ds csVs bZlk elhg [+kqnk gSa og lc dkfQ+j gSa gkykWfd elhg us [+kqn ;Ww dg fn;k Fkk fd ,s cuh bljkbZy flQZ mlh [+kqnk dh bcknr djks tks gekjk vkSj rqEgkjk ikyus okyk gS D;ksafd ¼;kn j[kks½ ftlus [+kqnk dk 'kjhd cuk;k ml ij [+kqnk us csfg'r dks gjke dj fn;k gS vkSj mldk fBdkuk tgUuqe gS vkSj t+kfyeksa dk dksbZ ennxkj ugha ¼72½
tks yksx blds d+k;y gSa fd [+kqnk rhu esa dk ¼rhljk½ gS og ;d+huu dkfQ+j gks x, ¼;kn j[kks fd½ [+kqnk, ;Drk ds flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha vkSj ¼[+kqnk ds ckjs esa½ ;s yksx tks dqN cdk djrs gSa vxj mlls ckt+ u vk, rks ¼le> j[kks fd½ tks yksx mlessa ls ¼dkfQ+j ds½ dkfQ+j jg x, mu ij t+:j nnZukd vt+kc ukft+y gksxk ¼73½
rks ;s yksx [+kqnk dh ckjxkg esa rkSck D;ksa ugha djrs vkSj vius ¼d+lwjksa dh½ ekQ+h D;ksa ugha ekWxrs gkykWfd [+kqnk rks cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼74½
efj;e ds csVs elhg rks cl ,d jlwy gSa vkSj muds d+Cy ¼vkSj Hkh½ cgqrsjs jlwy xqt+j pqds gSa vkSj mudh ekW Hkh ¼[+kqnk dh½ ,d lPph cUnh Fkh ¼vkSj vknfe;ksa dh rjg½ ;s nksuksa ¼ds nksuksa Hkh½ [kkuk [kkrs Fks ¼,s jlwy½ x+kSj rks djks ge vius ,gdke buls dSlk lkQ+ lkQ+ c;ku djrs gSa ¼75½
fQj ns[kks rks fd ¼mlij Hkh myVs½ ;s yksx dgkW HkVds tk jgs gSa ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd D;k rqe [+kqnk ¼tSls d+kfnj o rokuk½ dks NksM+dj ¼,slh t+yhy½ pht+ dh bcknr djrs gks ftldks u rks uqd+lku gh b[+rs;kj gS vkSj u uQ+s dk vkSj [+kqnk rks ¼lcdh½ lqurk ¼vkSj lc dqN½ tkurk gS ¼76½
,s jlwy rqe dg nks fd ,s ,gys fdrkc rqe vius nhu esa ukgd+ T+;knrh u djks vkSj u mu yksxksa ¼vius cqt+qxksa½ dh uQ+fl;kuh [+okfg'kksa ij pyks tks igys [+kqn gh xqejkg gks pqds vkSj ¼vius lkFk vkSj Hkh½ cgqrsjksa dks xqejkg dj NksM+k vkSj jkgs jkLr ls ¼nwj½ HkVd x, ¼77½
cuh bljkbZy esa ls tks yksx dkfQ+j Fks mu ij nkÅn vkSj efj;e ds csVs bZlk dh t+ckuh ykur dh x;h ;s ¼ykur mu ij iM+h rks flQZ½ bl otg ls fd ¼,d rks½ mu yksxksa us ukQ+jekuh dh vkSj ¼fQj gj ekeys esa½ gn ls c<+ tkrs Fks ¼78½
vkSj fdlh cqjs dke ls ftldks mu yksxksa us fd;k ckt+ u vkrs Fks ¼cfYd ml ij ckotwn ulhgr vM+s jgrs½ tks dke ;s yksx djrs Fks D;k gh cqjk Fkk ¼79½
¼,s jlwy½ rqe mu ¼;gwfn;ksa½ esa ls cgqrsjksa dks ns[kksxs fd dq¶+Q+kj ls nksLrh j[krs gSa tks lkeku igys ls mu yksxksa us [+kqn vius okLrs nq:Lr fd;k gS fdl d+nj cqjk gS ¼ftldk urhtk ;s gS½ fd ¼nqfu;k esa Hkh½ [+kqnk mu ij xt+cukd gqvk vkSj ¼vk[+ksjr esa Hkh½ ges'kk vt+kc gh esa jgsaxs ¼80½

vkSj vxj ;s yksx [+kqnk vkSj jlwy ij vkSj tks dqN muij ukft+y fd;k x;k gS beku j[krs gSa rks gjfxt+ ¼mudks viuk½ nksLr u cukrs exj muesa ds cgqrsjs rks cnpyu gSa ¼81½
¼,s jlwy½ bZeku ykus okyksa dk nq'keu lcls c<+ds ;gwfn;ksa vkSj eq'kfjdksa dks ikvksxs vkSj bZekunkjksa dk nksLrh esa lcls c<+ds d+jhc mu yksxksa dks ikvksxs tks vius dks ulkjk dgrs gSa D;ksafd bu ¼ulkjk½ esa ls ;d+huh cgqr ls vkfey vkSj vkfcn gSa vkSj bl lcc ls ¼Hkh½ fd ;s yksx gjfxt+ 'ks[+kh ugha djrs ¼82½

vkSj rw ns[krk gS fd tc ;g yksx ¼bl dq+jku½ dks lqurs gSa tks gekjs jlwy ij ukft+y fd;k x;k gS rks mudh vk¡[kksa ls cslk[+rk ¼Nyd dj½ vk¡lw tkjh gks tkrsa gS D;ksafd mUgksaus ¼vez½ gd+ dks igpku fy;k gS ¼vkSj½ vt+Z djrs gSa fd ,s esjs ikyus okys ge rks bZeku yk pqds rks ¼jlwy dh½ rlnhd+ djus okyksa ds lkFk gesa Hkh fy[k j[k ¼83½
vkSj gedks D;k gks x;k gS fd ge [+kqnk vkSj tks gd+ ckr gekjs ikl vk pqdh gS ml ij rks bZeku u yk,¡ vkSj ¼fQj½ [k+qnk ls mEehn j[ksa fd og vius usd cUnksa ds lkFk gesa ¼csfg’r esa½ igq¡pk gh nsxk ¼84½
rks [k+qnk us mUgsa muds ¼lnd+ fny ls½ vt+Z djus ds flys esa mUgsa og ¼gjs Hkjs½ ckx+kr vrk Qjek, ftuds ¼nj[+rksa ds½ uhps ugjsa tkjh gSa ¼vkSj½ og mlesa ges’kk jgsaxs vkSj ¼lnd+ fny ls½ usdh djus okyksa dk ;gh ,sot+ gS ¼85½
vkSj ftu yksxksa us dqÝ ,[+rs;kj fd;k vkSj gekjh vk;rksa dks >qByk;k ;gh yksx tgUuqeh gSa ¼86½
,s bZekunkj tks ikd pht+s [k+qnk us rqEgkjs okLrs gyky dj nh gSa mudks vius Åij gjke u djks vkSj gn ls u c<+ks D;ksa fd [k+qnk gn ls c<+ tkus okyksa dks gjfxt+ nksLr ugha j[krk ¼87½
vkSj tks gyky lkQ lqFkjh pht+sa [k+qnk us rqEgsa nh gSa mudks ¼ÓkSd ls½ [kkvks vkSj ftl [k+qnk ij rqe bZeku yk, gks mlls Mjrs jgks ¼88½
[k+qnk rqEgkjs csdkj ¼csdkj½ d+leksa ¼ds [kkus½ ij rks [+kSj fxj¶rkj u djsxk exj ckd+ln ¿lPphÀ iDdh d+le [kkus vkSj mlds f[+kykQ djus ij rks t+#j rqEgkjh ys ns djsxk ¼yks lquks½ mldk tqekZuk tSlk rqe [k+qn vius ,gyksv;ky dks f[kykrs gks mlh fd+Le dk vkSlr ntsZ dk nl eksgrktksa dks [kkuk f[kykuk ;k mudks diM+s igukuk ;k ,d xq+yke vkt+kn djuk gS fQj ftlls ;g lc u gks lds rks eSa rhu fnu ds jkst+s ¼j[kuk½ ;s ¼rks½ rqEgkjh d+leksa dk tqekZuk gS tc rqe d+le [kkvks ¼vkSj iwjh u djks½ vkSj viuh d+leksa ¼ds iwjk u djuss½ dk [+;ky j[kks [k+qnk vius ,gdke dks rqEgkjs okLrs ;w¡ lkQ+ lkQ+ c;ku djrk gS rkfd rqe ÓqØ djks ¼89½
,s bZekunkjksa Ójkc] tqvk vkSj cqr vkSj ik¡ls rks cl ukikd ¼cqjs½ ÓSrkuh dke gSa rks rqe yksx blls cps jgks rkfd rqe Qykg ikvks ¼90½
ÓSrku dh rks cl ;gh reUuk gS fd Ójkc vkSj tq, dh cnkSyr rqeesa ckge vnkor o nq’keuh Myok ns vkSj [k+qnk dh ;kn vkSj uekt+ ls ckt+ j[ks rks D;k rqe mlls ckt+ vkus okys gks ¼91½
vkSj [k+qnk dk gqDe ekuksa vkSj jlwy dk gqDe ekuksa vkSj ¼ukQ+jekuh½ ls cps jgks bl ij Hkh vxj rqeus ¼gqDe [k+qnk ls½ eq¡g Qsjk rks le> j[kks fd gekjs jlwy ij cl lkQ+ lkQ+ iSx+ke igq¡pk nsuk QtZ+ gS ¼92½
¼fQj djks pkgs u djks rqe eq[+krkj gks½ ftu yksxksa us bZeku dqcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs ¼vPNs½ dke fd, gSa mu ij tks dqN [kk ¼ih½ pqds mlesa dqN xqukg ugha tc mUgksaus ijgst+xkjh dh vkSj bZeku ys vk, vkSj vPNs ¼vPNs½ dke fd, fQj ijgst+xkjh dh vkSj usfd;k¡ dha vkSj [k+qnk usdh djus okyksa dks nksLr j[krk gS ¼93½
,s bZekunkjksa dqN f’kdkj ls ftu rd rqEgkjs gkFk vkSj uSt+sa igq¡p ldrs gSa [k+qnk t+#j bErsgku djsxk rkfd [k+qnk ns[k ys fd mlls cs ns[ks Hkkys dkSu Mjrk gS fQj mlds ckn Hkh tks T+;knrh djsxk rks mlds fy, nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼94½
¼,s bZekunkjksa tc rqe gkyrs ,gjke esa gks rks f’kdkj u ekjks vkSj rqeesa ls tks dksbZ tku cw> dj f’kdkj ekjsxk rks ftl ¼tkuoj½ dks ekjk gS pkSik;ksa esa ls mldk ely rqeesa ls tks nks eqfUlQ vkneh rtoht+ dj nsa mldk cnyk ¼nsuk½ gksxk ¼vkSj½ dkck rd igq¡pk dj dqckZuh dh tk, ;k ¼mldk½ tqekZuk ¼mldh d+her ls½ eksgrktksa dks [kkuk f[kykuk ;k mlds cjkcj jkst+s j[kuk ¼;g tqekZuk blfy, gS½ rkfd vius fd, dh lt+k dk et+k p[kks tks gks pqdk mlls rks [k+qnk us njx+qt+j dh vkSj tks fQj ,slh gjdr djsxk rks [k+qnk mldh lt+k nsxk vkSj [k+qnk t+cjnLr cnyk ysus okyk gS ¼95½
rqEgkjs vkSj dkfQ+ys ds okLrs nfj;kbZ f’kdkj vkSj mldk [kkuk rks ¼gj gkyr esa½ rqEgkjs okLrs tk;t+ dj fn;k gS exj [kq’dh dk f’kdkj tc rd rqe gkyrs ,gjke esa jgks rqe ij gjke gS vkSj ml [k+qnk ls Mjrs jgks ftldh rjQ ¼ejus ds ckn½ mBk, tkvksxs ¼96½
[k+qnk us dkck dks tks ¼mldk½ eksgrje ?kj gS vkSj gqjer nkj eghuksa dks vkSj dqjckuh dks vkSj ml tkuoj dks ftlds xys esa ¼dqckZZuh ds okLrs½ iV~Vs Mky fn, x, gksa yksxksa ds veu d+k;e j[kus dk lcc d+jkj fn;k ;g blfy, fd rqe tku yks fd [k+qnk tks dqN vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS ;d+huu ¼lc½ tkurk gS vkSj ;s Hkh ¼le> yks½ fd cs’kd [k+qnk gj pht+ ls okfd+Q gS ¼97½
tku yks fd ;d+huu [k+qnk cM+k vt+kc okyk gS vkSj ;s ¼Hkh½ fd cM+k c[+’kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼98½
¼gekjs½ jlwy ij iSx+ke igq¡pk nsus ds flok ¼vkSj½ dqN ¼Qt+Z½ ugha vkSj tks dqN rqe t+kfgj ck t+kfgj djrs gks vkSj tks dqN rqe Nqik dj djrs gks [k+qnk lc tkurk gS ¼99½
¼,s jlwy½ dg nks fd ukikd ¼gjke½ vkSj ikd ¼gyky½ cjkcj ugha gks ldrk vxjps ukikd dh dljr rqEgsa Hkyk D;ksa u ekywe gks rks ,sls vD+yeUnksa vYykg ls Mjrs jgks rkfd rqe dke;kc jgks ¼100½
,s bZeku okyksa ,slh pht+ksa ds ckjs esa ¼jlwy ls½ u iwNk djks fd vxj rqedks ekywe gks tk, rks rqEgsa cqjh ekywe gks vkSj vxj muds ckjs esa dq+jku ukft+y gksus ds oD+r iwN cSBksxs rks rqe ij t+kfgj dj nh tk,xh ¼exj rqedks cqjk yxsxk tks lokykr rqe dj pqds½ [k+qnk us muls njxqt+j dh vkSj [k+qnk cM+k c[+’kus okyk cqnZckj gS ¼101½
rqels igys Hkh yksxksa us bl fdLe dh ckrsa ¼vius oD+r ds iSx+Ecjksa ls½ iwNh Fkha ¼102½
fQj ¼tc cjnk'r u gks ldk rks½ mlds eqfUdj gks x, [k+qnk us u rks dksbZ cghjk ¼dku QVh Å¡Vuh½ eqd+jZj fd;k gS u lk;ok ¼lk¡<+½ u olhyk ¼tqMok cPps½ u gke ¼cq<+k lk¡<++½ eqd+jZj fd;k gS exj dq¶+Q+kj [k+qnk ij [+okg ek [+okg >wB ¼ewB½ cksgrku ck¡/krs gSa vkSj muesa ds vDlj ugha le>rs ¼103½
vkSj tc muls dgk tkrk gS fd tks ¼d+qjku½ [k+qnk us ukft+y Qjek;k gS mldh rjQ vkSj jlwy dh vkvks ¼vkSj tks dqN dgs mls ekuksa rks dgrs gSa fd geus ftl ¼jax½ esa vius cki nknk dks ik;k ogh gekjs fy, dkQh gS D;k ¼;s yksx ydhj ds Qdhj gh jgsaxs½ vxjps muds cki nknk u dqN tkurs gh gksa u fgnk;r gh ik;h gks ¼104½
,s bZeku okyksa rqe viuh [+kcj yks tc rqe jkgs jkLr ij gks rks dksbZ xqejkg gqvk djs rqEgsa uqd+lku ugha igq¡pk ldrk rqe lcds lcdks [k+qnk gh dh rjQ ykSV dj tkuk gS rc ¼ml oD+r usd o cn½ tks dqN ¼nqfu;k esa½ djrs Fks rqEgsa crk nsxk ¼105½
,s bZeku okyksa tc rqeesa ls fdlh ¼ds lj½ ij ekSr [kM+h gks rks olh;r ds oD+r rqe ¼eksfeu½ esa ls nks vkfnyksa dh xokgh gksuh t+#jh gS vkSj tc rqe bRrsQkd+u dgha dk lQj djks vkSj ¼lQj gh esa½ rqedkss ekSr dh eqlhcr dk lkeuk gks rks ¼Hkh½ nks xokg x+Sj ¼eksfeu½ lgh ¼vkSj½ vxj rqEgsa Ód gks rks mu nksuksa dks uekt+ ds ckn jksd yks fQj og nksuksa [k+qnk dh d+le [kk,¡ fd ge bl ¼xokgh½ ds ¼,sot+ dqN nke ugha ysaxs vxjps ge ftldh xokgh nsrs gSa gekjk vt+ht+ gh D;ksa u½ gks vkSj ge [kqnk yxrh xokgh u Nqik,¡xs vxj ,slk djsa rks ge cs’kd xqukgxkj gSa ¼106½
vxj bl ij ekywe gks tk, fd og nksuksa ¼njksx+ gyQ+h ¿>wBh dleÀ ls½ xqukg ds eqLrgd+ gks x, rks nwljs nks vkneh mu yksxksa esa ls ftudk gd+ nck;k x;k gS vkSj ¼e¸;r½ ds T+;knk d+jkcrnkj gSa ¼mudh rjohn esa½ mudh txg [kM+s gks tk,¡ fQj nks u, xokg [k+qnk dh d+le [kk,¡ fd igys nks xokgksa dh fuLcr gekjh xokgh T+;knk lPph gS vkSj geus ¼gd+½ ugha Nqik;k vkSj vxj ,slk fd;k gks rks ml oD+r cs’kd ge t+kfye gSa ¼107½

;s T+;knk d+jhu d+;kl gS fd bl rjg ij ¼vk[+ksjr ds Mj ls½ Bhd Bhd xokgh nsa ;k ¼nqfu;k dh :lokbZ dk½ vUns’kk gks fd dgha gekjh d+lesa nwljs Qjhd+ dh d+leksa ds ckn jn u dj nh tk,¡ eqlyekuksa [k+qnk ls Mjks vkSj ¼th yxk dj½ lqu yks vkSj [k+qnk cnpyu yksxksa dks eaft+ys ed+lwn rd ugha igq¡pkrk ¼108½
¼ml oD+r dks ;kn djks½ ftl fnu [k+qnk vius iSx+Ecjksa dks tek djds iwNsxk fd ¼rqEgkjh meer dh rjQ ls rcyhx+s ,gdke dk½ D;k tokc fn;k x;k rks vtZ+ djsxsa fd ge rks ¼pUn t+kfgjh ckrksa ds flok½ dqN ugha tkurs rw rks [kqn cM+k x+Sc okW gS ¼109½
¼og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc [k+qnk Qjek,xk fd ;s efj;e ds csVs bZlk geus tks ,glkukr rqe ij vkSj rqEgkjh ek¡ ij fd;s mUgs ;kn djks tc geus :gqyd+qnwl ¼ftcjhy½ ls rqEgkjh rkbZn dh fd rqe >wys esa ¼iM+s iM+s½ vkSj v/ksM+ gksdj ¼;d lk ckrsa½ djus yxs vkSj tc geus rqEgsa fy[kuk vkSj vd+y o nkukbZ dh ckrsa vkSj ¼rkSjsr o bUthy ¼;s lc phts+½ fl[kk;h vkSj tc rqe esjs gqDe ls feêh ls fpfM+;k dh ewjr cukrs fQj ml ij dqN ne dj nsrs rks og esjs gqDe ls ¼lpeqp½ fpfM+;k cu tkrh Fkh vkSj esjs gqDe ls eknjt+kn ¿iSnk;'khÀ vW/ks vkSj dks<+h dks vPNk dj nsrs Fks vkSj tc rqe esjs gqDe ls eqnkZsa dks ft+Unk ¼djds d+czksa ls½ fudky [kM+k djrs Fks vkSj ftl oD+r rqe cuh bljkbZy ds ikl ekSftt+s ysdj vk, vkSj ml oD+r eSus mudks rqe ¼ij nLr njkt+h djus½ ls jksdk rks muesa ls ckt+ dq¶+Q+kj dgus yxs ;s rks cl [kqyk gqvk tknw gS ¼110½
vkSj tc eSus gokfj;ksa ls bygke fd;k fd eq> ij vkSj esjs jlwy ij bZeku ykvks rks vt+Z djus yxs ge bZeku yk, vkSj rw xokg jguk fd ge rsjs Qjekcjnkj cUns gSa ¼111½
¼og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc gokfj;ksa us bZlk ls vt+Z dh fd ,s efj;e ds csVs bZlk D;k vki dk [k+qnk ml ij d+kfnj gS fd ge ij vkleku ls ¼usver dh½ ,d [+oku ukft+y Qjek, bZlk us dgk vxj rqe lPps bZekunkj gks rks [k+qnk ls Mjks ¼,slh Qjekb’k ftlesa bErsgku ekywe gks u djks½ ¼112½
og vt+Z djus yxs ge rks Qd+r ;s pkgrs gS fd blesa ls ¼cjrdu½ dqN [kk,¡ vkSj gekjs fny dks ¼vkidh fjlkyr dk iwjk iwjk½ bResuku gks tk, vkSj ;d+hu dj ysa fd vkius gels ¼tks dqN dgk Fkk½ lp Qjek;k Fkk vkSj ge yksx bl ij xokg jgsa ¼113½
¼rc½ efj;e ds csVs bZlk us ¼ckjxkgs [k+qnk esa½ vt+Z dh [k+qnk oUnk ,s gekjs ikyus okys ge ij vkleku ls ,d [oku ¼usver½ ukft+y Qjek fd og fnu ge yksxksa ds fy, gekjs vxyksa ds fy, vkSj gekjs fiNyksa ds fy, bZn dk djkj ik, ¼vkSj gekjs gd+ esa½ rsjh rjQ ls ,d cM+h fu’kkuh gks vkSj rw gesa jkst+h ns vkSj rw lc jkst+h nsus okyks ls csgrj gS ¼114½
[kq+nk us Qjek;k eS [oku rks rqe ij t+#j ukft+y d#xk¡ ¼exj ;kn jgs fd½ fQj rqeesa ls tks Hkh Ó[+l mlds ckn dkfQ+j gqvk rks eS mldks ;d+hu ,sls l[+r vt+kc dh lt+k nw¡xk fd lkjh [k+qnk;h esa fdlh ,d ij Hkh oSlk ¼l[+r½ vt+kc u d#xk¡ ¼115½
vkSj ¼og oD+r Hkh ;kn djks½ tc d+;ker esa bZlk ls [k+qnk Qjek,x fd ¼D;ksa½ ,s efj;e ds csVs bZlk D;k rqeus yksxksa ls ;s dg fn;k Fkk fd [k+qnk dks NksM+dj eq> dks vkSj esjh ek¡ dks [+kqnk cuk yks bZlk vt+Z djsxsa lqcgku vYykg esjh rks ;s etky u Fkh fd eS ,slh ckr eq¡g ls fudkywW ftldk eq>s dksbZ gd+ u gks ¼vPNk½ vxj eSus dgk gksxk rks rq>dks t+#j ekywe gh gksxk D;ksafd rw esjs fny dh ¼lc ckr½ tkurk gS gk¡ vycÙkk eS rsjs th dh ckr ugha tkurk ¼D;ksafd½ blesa rks Ód gh ugha fd rw gh x+Sc dh ckrsa [k+wc tkurk gS ¼116½
rwus eq>s tks dqN gqDe fn;k mlds flok rks eSus muls dqN Hkh ugha dgk ;gh fd [k+qnk gh dh bcknr djks tks esjk vkSj rqEgkjk lcdk ikyus okyk gS vkSj tc rd eSa muesa jgk mu dh ns[kHkky djrk jgk fQj tc rwus eq>s ¼nqfu;k ls½ mBk fy;k rks rw gh mudk fuxsgcku Fkk vkSj rw rks [k+qn gj pht+ dk xokg ¼ekStwn½ gS ¼117½
rw vxj mu ij vt+kc djsxk rks ¼rw ekfyd gS½ ;s rsjs cUns gSa vkSj vxj mUgsa c[+’k nsxk rks ¼dksbZ rsjk gkFk ugha idM+ ldrk D;ksafd½ cs’kd rw t+cjnLr fgder okyk gS ¼118½

[k+qnk Qjek,xk fd ;s og fnu gS fd lPps cUnksa dks mudh lPpkbZ ¼vkt½ dke vk,xh muds fy, ¼gjs Hkjs csfg’r ds½ og ckx+kr gS ftuds ¼nj[+rks ds½ uhps ugjs tkjh gSa ¼vkSj½ og mlesa vcknqy vkckn rd jgsaxs [k+qnk muls jkt+h vkSj og [k+qnk ls [kq’k ;gh cgqr cM+h dke;kch gS ¼119½
lkjs vkleku o t+ehu vkSj tks dqN muesa gS lc [k+qnk gh dh lYrur gS vkSj og gj pht+ ij d+kfnj ¼o rokuk½ gS ¼120½
lwj, vyek;nk ¼[+oku½ [k+Re